Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in the North Sea, its tributaries and the Xiaoqing River in China
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| Language: | en |
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2015
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| author | Heydebreck, Franziska Tang, Jianhui Xie, Zhiyong Ebinghaus, Ralf |
| author_facet | Heydebreck, Franziska Tang, Jianhui Xie, Zhiyong Ebinghaus, Ralf |
| collection | Datos científicos de ciencias marinas y ambientales |
| contents | The production and use of long-chain perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) must comply with national and international regulations. Driven by increasingly stringent regulations, their production has been outsourced to less regulated countries in Asia. In addition, the fluoropolymer industry started to use fluorinated alternatives, such as 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid (HFPO-DA). Between August 2013 and September 2014, we investigated the occurrence and distribution of HFPO-DA and legacy PFASs in surface waters of the following river/estuary systems: the Elbe and Rhine Rivers in Germany, the Rhine-Meuse delta in The Netherlands, and the Xiaoqing River in China. Distinct differences were revealed among the study areas; notably, the Chinese samples were highly polluted by an industrial point source discharging mainly perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). This particular point source resulted in concentrations more than 6000 times higher than an industrial point source observed in the Scheur River, where HFPO-DA was the dominant compound with a concentration of 73.1 ng/L. Moreover, HFPO-DA was detected in all samples along the coastline of the North Sea, indicating that the compound may be transported from the Rhine-Meuse delta into the German Bight via the water current. To the best of our knowledge, the fluorinated alternative, HFPO-DA, was detected for the first time in surface waters of Germany and China. |
| format | Dataset Open Access |
| id | pangaea_https___doi_org_10_1594_PANGAEA_882610 |
| institution | PANGAEA |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | PANGAEA |
| record_format | pangaea |
| spellingShingle | Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in the North Sea, its tributaries and the Xiaoqing River in China Heydebreck, Franziska Tang, Jianhui Xie, Zhiyong Ebinghaus, Ralf 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3,-heptafluoropropoxy)-propanoic acid; 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; E1409; Ems_1_Leer; Ems_2_Gandersum; Ems_3_Wybelsum; Ems estuary; Event label; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; LP201403; LP201403_W1; LP201403_W10; LP201403_W11; LP201403_W12; LP201403_W13; LP201403_W14; LP201403_W15; LP201403_W16; LP201403_W17; LP201403_W18; LP201403_W19; LP201403_W2; LP201403_W3; LP201403_W4; LP201403_W5; LP201403_W6; LP201403_W7; LP201403_W8; LP201403_W9; LP201408; LP201408_S270; LP201408_S271; LP201408_S272; LP201408_S273; LP201408_S274; LP201408_S275; LP201408_S276; LP201408_S277; LP201408_S278; LP201408_S279; LP201408_S280; LP201408_S290; LP201408_S291; LP201408_S292; LP201408_S293; LP201408_S294; LP201408_S295; LP201408_S296; Ludwig Prandtl; Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid; Perfluorobutanoic acid; Perfluorodecanoic acid; Perfluorododecanoic acid; Perfluoroheptanoic acid; Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid; Perfluorohexanoic acid; Perfluorononanoic acid; Perfluorooctane sulfonamide; Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; Perfluorooctanoic acid; Perfluoropentanoic acid; Perfluoroundecanoic acid; PFC_W1; PFC_W10; PFC_W11; PFC_W12; PFC_W13; PFC_W14; PFC_W15; PFC_W16; PFC_W17; PFC_W18; PFC_W19; PFC_W2; PFC_W20; PFC_W21; PFC_W22; PFC_W3; PFC_W4; PFC_W5; PFC_W6; PFC_W7; PFC_W8; PFC_W9; pH; Rhein_1_Stammheim; Rhein_10_Emmerich; Rhein_11_Lobith; Rhein_12_Tolkamer; Rhein_13_Arnhem; Rhein_14_Ewijk; Rhein_15_Tiel; Rhein_16_Gorinchem; Rhein_17_Zwijndrecht; Rhein_18_Willemstad; Rhein_19_Rozenburg; Rhein_2_Wiesdorf; Rhein_20_Kampen; Rhein_3_Monheim; Rhein_4_Neuss; Rhein_5_Duesseldorf; Rhein_6_Duisburg; Rhein_7_Walsum; Rhein_8_Wesel; Rhein_9_Rees; RHINEEMS2013; Salinity; Solid-phase extraction (SPE) and cleanup, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); Temperature, water; Water sample; WS; XQ1404; XQ1404_X1; XQ1404_X10; XQ1404_X11; XQ1404_X12; XQ1404_X13; XQ1404_X14; XQ1404_X15; XQ1404_X16; XQ1404_X17; XQ1404_X18; XQ1404_X19; XQ1404_X2; XQ1404_X20; XQ1404_X21; XQ1404_X22; XQ1404_X23; XQ1404_X24; XQ1404_X25; XQ1404_X26; XQ1404_X27; XQ1404_X28; XQ1404_X29; XQ1404_X3; XQ1404_X4; XQ1404_X5; XQ1404_X6; XQ1404_X7; XQ1404_X8; XQ1404_X9 The production and use of long-chain perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) must comply with national and international regulations. Driven by increasingly stringent regulations, their production has been outsourced to less regulated countries in Asia. In addition, the fluoropolymer industry started to use fluorinated alternatives, such as 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid (HFPO-DA). Between August 2013 and September 2014, we investigated the occurrence and distribution of HFPO-DA and legacy PFASs in surface waters of the following river/estuary systems: the Elbe and Rhine Rivers in Germany, the Rhine-Meuse delta in The Netherlands, and the Xiaoqing River in China. Distinct differences were revealed among the study areas; notably, the Chinese samples were highly polluted by an industrial point source discharging mainly perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). This particular point source resulted in concentrations more than 6000 times higher than an industrial point source observed in the Scheur River, where HFPO-DA was the dominant compound with a concentration of 73.1 ng/L. Moreover, HFPO-DA was detected in all samples along the coastline of the North Sea, indicating that the compound may be transported from the Rhine-Meuse delta into the German Bight via the water current. To the best of our knowledge, the fluorinated alternative, HFPO-DA, was detected for the first time in surface waters of Germany and China. |
| title | Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in the North Sea, its tributaries and the Xiaoqing River in China |
| topic | 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3,-heptafluoropropoxy)-propanoic acid; 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; E1409; Ems_1_Leer; Ems_2_Gandersum; Ems_3_Wybelsum; Ems estuary; Event label; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; LP201403; LP201403_W1; LP201403_W10; LP201403_W11; LP201403_W12; LP201403_W13; LP201403_W14; LP201403_W15; LP201403_W16; LP201403_W17; LP201403_W18; LP201403_W19; LP201403_W2; LP201403_W3; LP201403_W4; LP201403_W5; LP201403_W6; LP201403_W7; LP201403_W8; LP201403_W9; LP201408; LP201408_S270; LP201408_S271; LP201408_S272; LP201408_S273; LP201408_S274; LP201408_S275; LP201408_S276; LP201408_S277; LP201408_S278; LP201408_S279; LP201408_S280; LP201408_S290; LP201408_S291; LP201408_S292; LP201408_S293; LP201408_S294; LP201408_S295; LP201408_S296; Ludwig Prandtl; Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid; Perfluorobutanoic acid; Perfluorodecanoic acid; Perfluorododecanoic acid; Perfluoroheptanoic acid; Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid; Perfluorohexanoic acid; Perfluorononanoic acid; Perfluorooctane sulfonamide; Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; Perfluorooctanoic acid; Perfluoropentanoic acid; Perfluoroundecanoic acid; PFC_W1; PFC_W10; PFC_W11; PFC_W12; PFC_W13; PFC_W14; PFC_W15; PFC_W16; PFC_W17; PFC_W18; PFC_W19; PFC_W2; PFC_W20; PFC_W21; PFC_W22; PFC_W3; PFC_W4; PFC_W5; PFC_W6; PFC_W7; PFC_W8; PFC_W9; pH; Rhein_1_Stammheim; Rhein_10_Emmerich; Rhein_11_Lobith; Rhein_12_Tolkamer; Rhein_13_Arnhem; Rhein_14_Ewijk; Rhein_15_Tiel; Rhein_16_Gorinchem; Rhein_17_Zwijndrecht; Rhein_18_Willemstad; Rhein_19_Rozenburg; Rhein_2_Wiesdorf; Rhein_20_Kampen; Rhein_3_Monheim; Rhein_4_Neuss; Rhein_5_Duesseldorf; Rhein_6_Duisburg; Rhein_7_Walsum; Rhein_8_Wesel; Rhein_9_Rees; RHINEEMS2013; Salinity; Solid-phase extraction (SPE) and cleanup, coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); Temperature, water; Water sample; WS; XQ1404; XQ1404_X1; XQ1404_X10; XQ1404_X11; XQ1404_X12; XQ1404_X13; XQ1404_X14; XQ1404_X15; XQ1404_X16; XQ1404_X17; XQ1404_X18; XQ1404_X19; XQ1404_X2; XQ1404_X20; XQ1404_X21; XQ1404_X22; XQ1404_X23; XQ1404_X24; XQ1404_X25; XQ1404_X26; XQ1404_X27; XQ1404_X28; XQ1404_X29; XQ1404_X3; XQ1404_X4; XQ1404_X5; XQ1404_X6; XQ1404_X7; XQ1404_X8; XQ1404_X9 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.882610 |