Microplastic in snow from European and Arctic sites
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| Format: | Dataset Open Access |
| Sprache: | en |
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PANGAEA
2019
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| author | Bergmann, Melanie Mützel, Sophia Primpke, Sebastian Tekman, Mine Banu Trachsel, Jürg Gerdts, Gunnar |
| author_facet | Bergmann, Melanie Mützel, Sophia Primpke, Sebastian Tekman, Mine Banu Trachsel, Jürg Gerdts, Gunnar |
| collection | Datos científicos de ciencias marinas y ambientales |
| contents | We analysed microplastic and fibers in snow samples from ice floes in the Fram Strait (2016/17) and from Spitsbergen, Helgoland, Bremen, Bavaria and the Swiss Alps (2018) to assess the role of atmospheric transport of microplastic to the North. Identification of particles was carried out without pre-treatment of samples. MPs were identified by Fourier-Transform Infrared Imaging in 20 of 21 samples. The MP concentration of Arctic was significantly lower (0-14.4 × 103 N L-1) than European snow (0.19-154 × 103 N L-1) but still substantial. Polymer composition varied strongly, but varnish, rubber, polyethylene and polyamide dominated overall. Most particles were in the smallest size range with no saturation, implying that there are yet smaller particles beyond the current detection limit of 11 µm. All samples contained fibers but the proportion of microplastic fibers is uncertain as fibers could not be analysed with the current methodology. |
| format | Dataset Open Access |
| id | pangaea_https___doi_org_10_1594_PANGAEA_901447 |
| institution | PANGAEA |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | PANGAEA |
| record_format | pangaea |
| spellingShingle | Microplastic in snow from European and Arctic sites Bergmann, Melanie Mützel, Sophia Primpke, Sebastian Tekman, Mine Banu Trachsel, Jürg Gerdts, Gunnar Acrylonitrile butadiene; Animal fur; ARK-XXX/1.2; ARK-XXXI/2; ARK-XXXI/3; Bavaria; Bavaria 1; Bavaria 2; Bavaria 3; BavariaSnow_1; BavariaSnow_2; BavariaSnow_3; Bremen; BremenSnow; Calculated; Campaign; Cellulose chemical modified; Charcoal; Chitin; Chlorinated polyethylene; Coal; Date/Time of event; Davos; DavosCLEAN_3; DavosDIRTY_3; Davos village; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, ice/snow; Depth, top/min; Error, relative; Ethylene-vinyl acetate; Event label; Fibre concentration; Fibre fallout, annual mean; Fibres; Fourier transform infrared imaging; Fram Strait; Fredheim; FTIR; Helgoland; HelgoSnow_1; HelgoSnow_2; Heligoland; Heligoland 1; Heligoland 2; Ice floe 1; Ice floe 2; Ice floe 3; Ice floe 4; Ice floe 5; Ice floe 6; Ice floe 7; Ice floe 8; Ice floe 9; Kapp_Amsterdam; Latitude of event; Location; Longitude of event; Longyearbyen; Microplastic fallout, annual mean; Microplastics; Mohnbukta; Nitrile rubber; Number; Optical microscopy; Particle concentration; Particles; Paulabreen; Percentage; Plant fibre; Plastic particle concentration; Plastic particles; Polarstern; Polyamide; Polybutadiene; Polycaprolactone; Polycarbonate; Polychloroprene; Polyester; Polyether ether ketone; Polyethylene; Polyethylene oxidized; Polyimide; Polyisoprene chlorinated; Polylactic acid; Polymer, other; Polymer particle concentration; Polymer particles; Polyoxymethylene; Polypropylene; Polystyrene; Polysulfone; Polyvinyl chloride; PS107; PS107_G2-S1; PS108; PS108_Arctis_0001; PS108_Arctis_0002; PS108_Arctis_0003; PS108_Arctis_0004; PS108_Arctis_0005; PS99.2; PS99.2_EG1#2; PS99.2_HGIX; PS99.2_st1; Rubber; Sample code/label; Sample code/label 2; Sample comment; Sample ID; Sample volume; Sand; snow; SNOW; Snow/ice sample; Snow water equivalent; Svalbard; Svalbard 1; Svalbard 2; Svalbard 3; Svalbard 4; Svalbard 5; Swiss Alps; Temperature, air; Temperature, air, maximum; Temperature, air, minimum; Tschuggen; Volume; Wind speed; Wind speed, maximum; Wind speed, minimum We analysed microplastic and fibers in snow samples from ice floes in the Fram Strait (2016/17) and from Spitsbergen, Helgoland, Bremen, Bavaria and the Swiss Alps (2018) to assess the role of atmospheric transport of microplastic to the North. Identification of particles was carried out without pre-treatment of samples. MPs were identified by Fourier-Transform Infrared Imaging in 20 of 21 samples. The MP concentration of Arctic was significantly lower (0-14.4 × 103 N L-1) than European snow (0.19-154 × 103 N L-1) but still substantial. Polymer composition varied strongly, but varnish, rubber, polyethylene and polyamide dominated overall. Most particles were in the smallest size range with no saturation, implying that there are yet smaller particles beyond the current detection limit of 11 µm. All samples contained fibers but the proportion of microplastic fibers is uncertain as fibers could not be analysed with the current methodology. |
| title | Microplastic in snow from European and Arctic sites |
| topic | Acrylonitrile butadiene; Animal fur; ARK-XXX/1.2; ARK-XXXI/2; ARK-XXXI/3; Bavaria; Bavaria 1; Bavaria 2; Bavaria 3; BavariaSnow_1; BavariaSnow_2; BavariaSnow_3; Bremen; BremenSnow; Calculated; Campaign; Cellulose chemical modified; Charcoal; Chitin; Chlorinated polyethylene; Coal; Date/Time of event; Davos; DavosCLEAN_3; DavosDIRTY_3; Davos village; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, ice/snow; Depth, top/min; Error, relative; Ethylene-vinyl acetate; Event label; Fibre concentration; Fibre fallout, annual mean; Fibres; Fourier transform infrared imaging; Fram Strait; Fredheim; FTIR; Helgoland; HelgoSnow_1; HelgoSnow_2; Heligoland; Heligoland 1; Heligoland 2; Ice floe 1; Ice floe 2; Ice floe 3; Ice floe 4; Ice floe 5; Ice floe 6; Ice floe 7; Ice floe 8; Ice floe 9; Kapp_Amsterdam; Latitude of event; Location; Longitude of event; Longyearbyen; Microplastic fallout, annual mean; Microplastics; Mohnbukta; Nitrile rubber; Number; Optical microscopy; Particle concentration; Particles; Paulabreen; Percentage; Plant fibre; Plastic particle concentration; Plastic particles; Polarstern; Polyamide; Polybutadiene; Polycaprolactone; Polycarbonate; Polychloroprene; Polyester; Polyether ether ketone; Polyethylene; Polyethylene oxidized; Polyimide; Polyisoprene chlorinated; Polylactic acid; Polymer, other; Polymer particle concentration; Polymer particles; Polyoxymethylene; Polypropylene; Polystyrene; Polysulfone; Polyvinyl chloride; PS107; PS107_G2-S1; PS108; PS108_Arctis_0001; PS108_Arctis_0002; PS108_Arctis_0003; PS108_Arctis_0004; PS108_Arctis_0005; PS99.2; PS99.2_EG1#2; PS99.2_HGIX; PS99.2_st1; Rubber; Sample code/label; Sample code/label 2; Sample comment; Sample ID; Sample volume; Sand; snow; SNOW; Snow/ice sample; Snow water equivalent; Svalbard; Svalbard 1; Svalbard 2; Svalbard 3; Svalbard 4; Svalbard 5; Swiss Alps; Temperature, air; Temperature, air, maximum; Temperature, air, minimum; Tschuggen; Volume; Wind speed; Wind speed, maximum; Wind speed, minimum |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.901447 |