| _version_ | 1867172342021488640 |
|---|---|
| author | Nagelkerken, Ivan Alemany, Tiphaine Anquetin, Julie M Ferreira, Camilo M Ludwig, Kim E Sasaki, Minami Connell, Sean D |
| author_facet | Nagelkerken, Ivan Alemany, Tiphaine Anquetin, Julie M Ferreira, Camilo M Ludwig, Kim E Sasaki, Minami Connell, Sean D |
| collection | Datos científicos de ciencias marinas y ambientales |
| contents | Ocean acidification affects species populations and biodiversity through direct negative effects on physiology and behaviour. The indirect effects of elevated CO2 are less well known and can sometimes be counterintuitive. Reproduction lies at the crux of species population replenishment, but we do not know how ocean acidification affects reproduction in the wild. Here, we use natural CO2 vents at a temperate rocky reef and show that even though ocean acidification acts as a direct stressor, it can indirectly increase energy budgets of fish to stimulate reproduction at no cost to physiological homeostasis. Female fish maintained energy levels by compensation: They reduced activity (foraging and aggression) to increase reproduction. In male fish, increased reproductive investment was linked to increased energy intake as mediated by intensified foraging on more abundant prey. Greater biomass of prey at the vents was linked to greater biomass of algae, as mediated by a fertilisation effect of elevated CO2 on primary production. Additionally, the abundance and aggression of paternal carers were elevated at the CO2 vents, which may further boost reproductive success. These positive indirect effects of elevated CO2 were only observed for the species of fish that was generalistic and competitively dominant, but not for 3 species of subordinate and more specialised fishes. Hence, species that capitalise on future resource enrichment can accelerate their reproduction and increase their populations, thereby altering species communities in a future ocean. |
| format | Dataset Open Access |
| id | pangaea_https___doi_org_10_1594_PANGAEA_930727 |
| institution | PANGAEA |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | PANGAEA |
| record_format | pangaea |
| spellingShingle | Seawater carbonate chemistry and reproduction of fish Nagelkerken, Ivan Alemany, Tiphaine Anquetin, Julie M Ferreira, Camilo M Ludwig, Kim E Sasaki, Minami Connell, Sean D Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Antioxidant capacity, unit per protein mass; Aragonite saturation state; Attack rate; Behaviour; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chordata; CO2 vent; Coast and continental shelf; Experiment; Field observation; Figure; Fish; Foraging rate; Forsterygion lapillum; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gastropoda, mass; Gonad mass, per size; Growth; Growth/Morphology; Individuals; Liver mass, per size; Male; Malondialdehyde, per protein mass; Mass; Nekton; Notoclinops segmentatus; Notoclinops yaldwyni; Number of prey; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Parablennius laticlavius; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, NBS scale; pH, standard deviation; pH, total scale; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Proteins; Registration number of species; Reproduction; RNA/DNA ratio; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Sex; Single species; Site; Size; South Pacific; Species; Stomach mass, per size; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference Ocean acidification affects species populations and biodiversity through direct negative effects on physiology and behaviour. The indirect effects of elevated CO2 are less well known and can sometimes be counterintuitive. Reproduction lies at the crux of species population replenishment, but we do not know how ocean acidification affects reproduction in the wild. Here, we use natural CO2 vents at a temperate rocky reef and show that even though ocean acidification acts as a direct stressor, it can indirectly increase energy budgets of fish to stimulate reproduction at no cost to physiological homeostasis. Female fish maintained energy levels by compensation: They reduced activity (foraging and aggression) to increase reproduction. In male fish, increased reproductive investment was linked to increased energy intake as mediated by intensified foraging on more abundant prey. Greater biomass of prey at the vents was linked to greater biomass of algae, as mediated by a fertilisation effect of elevated CO2 on primary production. Additionally, the abundance and aggression of paternal carers were elevated at the CO2 vents, which may further boost reproductive success. These positive indirect effects of elevated CO2 were only observed for the species of fish that was generalistic and competitively dominant, but not for 3 species of subordinate and more specialised fishes. Hence, species that capitalise on future resource enrichment can accelerate their reproduction and increase their populations, thereby altering species communities in a future ocean. |
| title | Seawater carbonate chemistry and reproduction of fish |
| topic | Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Antioxidant capacity, unit per protein mass; Aragonite saturation state; Attack rate; Behaviour; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chordata; CO2 vent; Coast and continental shelf; Experiment; Field observation; Figure; Fish; Foraging rate; Forsterygion lapillum; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gastropoda, mass; Gonad mass, per size; Growth; Growth/Morphology; Individuals; Liver mass, per size; Male; Malondialdehyde, per protein mass; Mass; Nekton; Notoclinops segmentatus; Notoclinops yaldwyni; Number of prey; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Parablennius laticlavius; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, NBS scale; pH, standard deviation; pH, total scale; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Proteins; Registration number of species; Reproduction; RNA/DNA ratio; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Sex; Single species; Site; Size; South Pacific; Species; Stomach mass, per size; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.930727 |