Seawater carbonate chemistry and mitochondrial acclimation potential to ocean acidification and warming of Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
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| Format: | Dataset Open Access |
| Langue: | en |
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PANGAEA
2023
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| _version_ | 1867169155110666240 |
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| author | Leo, Elettra Kunz, Kristina Lore Schmidt, Matthias Storch, Daniela Pörtner, Hans-Otto Mark, Felix Christopher |
| author_facet | Leo, Elettra Kunz, Kristina Lore Schmidt, Matthias Storch, Daniela Pörtner, Hans-Otto Mark, Felix Christopher |
| collection | Datos científicos de ciencias marinas y ambientales |
| contents | Background Ocean acidification and warming are happening fast in the Arctic but little is known about the effects of ocean acidification and warming on the physiological performance and survival of Arctic fish. Results In this study we investigated the metabolic background of performance through analyses of cardiac mitochondrial function in response to control and elevated water temperatures and PCO2 of two gadoid fish species, Polar cod (Boreogadus saida), an endemic Arctic species, and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), which is a temperate to cold eurytherm and currently expanding into Arctic waters in the wake of ocean warming. We studied their responses to the above-mentioned drivers and their acclimation potential through analysing the cardiac mitochondrial function in permeabilised cardiac muscle fibres after 4 months of incubation at different temperatures (Polar cod: 0, 3, 6, 8 °C and Atlantic cod: 3, 8, 12, 16 °C), combined with exposure to present (400μatm) and year 2100 (1170μatm) levels of CO2. OXPHOS, proton leak and ATP production efficiency in Polar cod were similar in the groups acclimated at 400μatm and 1170μatm of CO2, while incubation at 8 °C evoked increased proton leak resulting in decreased ATP production efficiency and decreased Complex IV capacity. In contrast, OXPHOS of Atlantic cod increased with temperature without compromising the ATP production efficiency, whereas the combination of high temperature and high PCO2 depressed OXPHOS and ATP production efficiency. Conclusions Polar cod mitochondrial efficiency decreased at 8 °C while Atlantic cod mitochondria were more resilient to elevated temperature; however, this resilience was constrained by high PCO2. In line with its lower habitat temperature and higher degree of stenothermy, Polar cod has a lower acclimation potential to warming than Atlantic cod. |
| format | Dataset Open Access |
| id | pangaea_https___doi_org_10_1594_PANGAEA_958164 |
| institution | PANGAEA |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | PANGAEA |
| record_format | pangaea |
| spellingShingle | Seawater carbonate chemistry and mitochondrial acclimation potential to ocean acidification and warming of Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Leo, Elettra Kunz, Kristina Lore Schmidt, Matthias Storch, Daniela Pörtner, Hans-Otto Mark, Felix Christopher Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Arctic; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Boreogadus saida; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Coulometric titration; Cytochrome c oxidase activity, per fresh mass; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gadus morhua; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Nekton; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; Percentage; pH; pH, standard deviation; pH, total scale; Phosphorylation phosphorylation coupling efficiency; Phosphorylation system capacity, maximum; Polar; Potentiometric; Respiration; Respiration state IV+, per fresh mass; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Single species; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment: partial pressure of carbon dioxide; Treatment: temperature; Type of study Background Ocean acidification and warming are happening fast in the Arctic but little is known about the effects of ocean acidification and warming on the physiological performance and survival of Arctic fish. Results In this study we investigated the metabolic background of performance through analyses of cardiac mitochondrial function in response to control and elevated water temperatures and PCO2 of two gadoid fish species, Polar cod (Boreogadus saida), an endemic Arctic species, and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), which is a temperate to cold eurytherm and currently expanding into Arctic waters in the wake of ocean warming. We studied their responses to the above-mentioned drivers and their acclimation potential through analysing the cardiac mitochondrial function in permeabilised cardiac muscle fibres after 4 months of incubation at different temperatures (Polar cod: 0, 3, 6, 8 °C and Atlantic cod: 3, 8, 12, 16 °C), combined with exposure to present (400μatm) and year 2100 (1170μatm) levels of CO2. OXPHOS, proton leak and ATP production efficiency in Polar cod were similar in the groups acclimated at 400μatm and 1170μatm of CO2, while incubation at 8 °C evoked increased proton leak resulting in decreased ATP production efficiency and decreased Complex IV capacity. In contrast, OXPHOS of Atlantic cod increased with temperature without compromising the ATP production efficiency, whereas the combination of high temperature and high PCO2 depressed OXPHOS and ATP production efficiency. Conclusions Polar cod mitochondrial efficiency decreased at 8 °C while Atlantic cod mitochondria were more resilient to elevated temperature; however, this resilience was constrained by high PCO2. In line with its lower habitat temperature and higher degree of stenothermy, Polar cod has a lower acclimation potential to warming than Atlantic cod. |
| title | Seawater carbonate chemistry and mitochondrial acclimation potential to ocean acidification and warming of Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) |
| topic | Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Arctic; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Boreogadus saida; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Coulometric titration; Cytochrome c oxidase activity, per fresh mass; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gadus morhua; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Nekton; OA-ICC; Ocean acidification; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; Percentage; pH; pH, standard deviation; pH, total scale; Phosphorylation phosphorylation coupling efficiency; Phosphorylation system capacity, maximum; Polar; Potentiometric; Respiration; Respiration state IV+, per fresh mass; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Single species; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment: partial pressure of carbon dioxide; Treatment: temperature; Type of study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.958164 |