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| Format: | Dataset Open Access |
| Language: | en |
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PANGAEA
2025
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.966040 |
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| _version_ | 1867169159384662016 |
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| author | Vanharanta, Mari Santoro, Mariano Villena-Alemany, Cristian Piiparinen, Jonna Grossart, Hans-Peter Labrenz, Matthias Piwosz, Kasia Spilling, Kristian |
| author_facet | Vanharanta, Mari Santoro, Mariano Villena-Alemany, Cristian Piiparinen, Jonna Grossart, Hans-Peter Labrenz, Matthias Piwosz, Kasia Spilling, Kristian |
| collection | Datos científicos de ciencias marinas y ambientales |
| contents | The Baltic Sea has been affected by eutrophication for several decades with the result of a gradual increase of oxygen minimum zones at the sea floor and release of phosphate from sediments. This has generated a decreasing inorganic nitrogen:phosphorus (N:P) ratio and excess phosphate remaining after the spring bloom. In the present study, a 17-days experiment was performed on June 2021 at the Tvärminne Research Station (Gulf of Finland, Northern Baltic Sea) where the effects of the decreasing ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus on the planktonic community were investigated in 12 in-situ mesocosms. Temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration and salinity were determined in situ, whilst water samples were collected during the whole duration of the experiment using a Limnos sampler (Hydro-Bios, Kiel), transported to the laboratory and processed for measurements of dissolved inorganic, organic and particulate nutrients, extracellular enzymatic activities, bacterial production, bacterial abundance, pigments fluorescency and concentration, eukaryotic organisms and prokariotyc cell and filament counts. Dissolved inorganic nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate and silica) were determined according to Grasshoff et al. (1999). Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen were determined. Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) was calculated as difference between total dissolved nitrogen and dissolved inorganic nitrogen. Total dissolved phosphorus concentration was determined according to Koistinen et al. (2017). Dissolved organic phosphorus was calculated as difference between total dissolved phosphorus and dissolved inorganic phosphorus. Concentrations of particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) were also determined. The concentration of particulate organic phosphorus (POP) was measured according to Solórzano & Sharp (1980) with slight modification by Koistinen et al. (2017). Particulate organic elemental ratios POC:PON:POP were calculated on a molar basis. Extracellular enzymatic activities were determined according to Baltar et al. (2016). Bacterial production was determined as thymidine and leucine incorporations according to Fuhrman and Azam (1982), Smith and Azam (1992) and Kirchman et al. (1985). Chlorophyll-a was extracted from biomass according to Jespersen and Christoffersen (1987). Chlorophyll-a and Phycocyanin relative fluorescences were also measured. Filamentous cyanobacterial counts were determined after being stained with DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) and counted using epifluorescence microscopy according to Andersen and Throndsen (1995). Picocyanobacterial and heterotrophic bacterial counts were determined according to Gasol and Del Giorgio (2000). Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria were determined using epifluorescence microscopy with infrared emission method (Piwosz et al. 2022). Picoeukaryotes counts were determined via flow cytometry. Counts of adults, nauplii and egg sacks of Copepoda, Amphibalanus sp. and larvae, Evadne sp., Podon sp., Bosmina sp., Synchaeta sp. and Keratella quadrata were manually identified via images created using a flatbed scanner. |
| format | Dataset Open Access |
| id | pangaea_https___doi_org_10_1594_PANGAEA_966040 |
| institution | PANGAEA |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | PANGAEA |
| record_format | pangaea |
| spellingShingle | Effect of decreasing inorganic N:P ratio on the plankton community - INN:PP Vanharanta, Mari Santoro, Mariano Villena-Alemany, Cristian Piiparinen, Jonna Grossart, Hans-Peter Labrenz, Matthias Piwosz, Kasia Spilling, Kristian Alkaline phosphatase activity; alpha-glucosidase activity; Ammonium; Amphibalanus; Amphibalanus, larvae; Anabaena/Pseudoanabaena sp.; Aphanizomenon sp.; AQUACOSM; Autoanalyser (Thermo Scientific Aquakem 250); Bacteria, aerobic, anoxygenic, phototrophic; Bacteria, heterotrophic; Bacterial production of carbon, leucine uptake rate; Bacterial production of carbon, thymidine uptake rate; Baltic Sea; beta-glucosidase activity; Bivalvia; Bosmina sp.; Calculated as difference between total dissolved nitrogen and dissolved inorganic nitrogen; Calculated as difference between total dissolved phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus; Carbon, organic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, particulate; Chlorophyll a; Chlorophyll a, total; CHN elemental analyzer; coupled with Mass spectrometer, Europa Scientific ANCA-MS 20-20 15N/13C; Copepoda, adult; Copepoda, egg sac; Copepoda, nauplii; Counting, visual; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; DEPTH, water, experiment; Determined according to Solórzano and Sharp (1980) modified by Koistinen et al. (2017); Dissolved oxygen data logger, HOBO, U26-001; Evadne sp.; Event label; Experimental treatment; Field experiment; Flow Cytometer, BD Biosciences, LSR II; Flow cytometer, Sysmex Partec, CyFlow Cube 8; coupled with two lasers 126, two scattering (forward and side) and three fluorescence detectors; Fluorescence Spectrometer, Agilent Technologies, Cary Eclipse; Fluorometer (hand-held), Photon Systems Instruments, AquaPen handheld; Inorganic nutrients; Keratella quadrata; Latitude of event; Leucine aminopeptidase activity; LIMNOS water sampler; LIMNOSWS; Limnothrix/Planktothrix sp.; Liquid scintillation counter, PerkinElmer, Wallac 1414 WinSpectral; Longitude of event; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; mesocosm study; Microscope, Carl Zeiss, Axio Imager.D2; coupled with Collibri LED module illumination system, Carl Zeiss; Microscope, Carl Zeiss, Axioskop 2 plus; coupled with fluorescence lamp, Carl Zeiss, HBO100; Nanoflagellates, heterotrophic; Nanoflagellates, phototrophic; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Nitrate; Nitrite; Nitrogen, organic, dissolved; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Optical dissolved oxygen, conductivity, temperature probe, YSI , ProSolo ODO/CT; Oxygen, dissolved; Phosphate; Phosphorus, organic, dissolved; Phosphorus, organic, particulate; Phycocyanin; Picocyanobacteria; Picoeukaryotes; plankton community; Podon sp.; PSI AquaPen; Salinity; Silicate; Spectrophotometer, Agilent, Varian Cary Eclipse; Spectrophotometer, Hitachi, U-1100; Stereo microscope, Leica, M125; coupled with integrated camera and fluorescence capability; Synchaeta sp.; Temperature, water; Total organic carbon analyzer (TOC-VCPH), Shimadzu; Tvärminne_mesocosm; Tvärminne Zoological Station, Finnland; Type of study The Baltic Sea has been affected by eutrophication for several decades with the result of a gradual increase of oxygen minimum zones at the sea floor and release of phosphate from sediments. This has generated a decreasing inorganic nitrogen:phosphorus (N:P) ratio and excess phosphate remaining after the spring bloom. In the present study, a 17-days experiment was performed on June 2021 at the Tvärminne Research Station (Gulf of Finland, Northern Baltic Sea) where the effects of the decreasing ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus on the planktonic community were investigated in 12 in-situ mesocosms. Temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration and salinity were determined in situ, whilst water samples were collected during the whole duration of the experiment using a Limnos sampler (Hydro-Bios, Kiel), transported to the laboratory and processed for measurements of dissolved inorganic, organic and particulate nutrients, extracellular enzymatic activities, bacterial production, bacterial abundance, pigments fluorescency and concentration, eukaryotic organisms and prokariotyc cell and filament counts. Dissolved inorganic nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate and silica) were determined according to Grasshoff et al. (1999). Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen were determined. Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) was calculated as difference between total dissolved nitrogen and dissolved inorganic nitrogen. Total dissolved phosphorus concentration was determined according to Koistinen et al. (2017). Dissolved organic phosphorus was calculated as difference between total dissolved phosphorus and dissolved inorganic phosphorus. Concentrations of particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) were also determined. The concentration of particulate organic phosphorus (POP) was measured according to Solórzano & Sharp (1980) with slight modification by Koistinen et al. (2017). Particulate organic elemental ratios POC:PON:POP were calculated on a molar basis. Extracellular enzymatic activities were determined according to Baltar et al. (2016). Bacterial production was determined as thymidine and leucine incorporations according to Fuhrman and Azam (1982), Smith and Azam (1992) and Kirchman et al. (1985). Chlorophyll-a was extracted from biomass according to Jespersen and Christoffersen (1987). Chlorophyll-a and Phycocyanin relative fluorescences were also measured. Filamentous cyanobacterial counts were determined after being stained with DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) and counted using epifluorescence microscopy according to Andersen and Throndsen (1995). Picocyanobacterial and heterotrophic bacterial counts were determined according to Gasol and Del Giorgio (2000). Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria were determined using epifluorescence microscopy with infrared emission method (Piwosz et al. 2022). Picoeukaryotes counts were determined via flow cytometry. Counts of adults, nauplii and egg sacks of Copepoda, Amphibalanus sp. and larvae, Evadne sp., Podon sp., Bosmina sp., Synchaeta sp. and Keratella quadrata were manually identified via images created using a flatbed scanner. |
| title | Effect of decreasing inorganic N:P ratio on the plankton community - INN:PP |
| topic | Alkaline phosphatase activity; alpha-glucosidase activity; Ammonium; Amphibalanus; Amphibalanus, larvae; Anabaena/Pseudoanabaena sp.; Aphanizomenon sp.; AQUACOSM; Autoanalyser (Thermo Scientific Aquakem 250); Bacteria, aerobic, anoxygenic, phototrophic; Bacteria, heterotrophic; Bacterial production of carbon, leucine uptake rate; Bacterial production of carbon, thymidine uptake rate; Baltic Sea; beta-glucosidase activity; Bivalvia; Bosmina sp.; Calculated as difference between total dissolved nitrogen and dissolved inorganic nitrogen; Calculated as difference between total dissolved phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus; Carbon, organic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, particulate; Chlorophyll a; Chlorophyll a, total; CHN elemental analyzer; coupled with Mass spectrometer, Europa Scientific ANCA-MS 20-20 15N/13C; Copepoda, adult; Copepoda, egg sac; Copepoda, nauplii; Counting, visual; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; DEPTH, water, experiment; Determined according to Solórzano and Sharp (1980) modified by Koistinen et al. (2017); Dissolved oxygen data logger, HOBO, U26-001; Evadne sp.; Event label; Experimental treatment; Field experiment; Flow Cytometer, BD Biosciences, LSR II; Flow cytometer, Sysmex Partec, CyFlow Cube 8; coupled with two lasers 126, two scattering (forward and side) and three fluorescence detectors; Fluorescence Spectrometer, Agilent Technologies, Cary Eclipse; Fluorometer (hand-held), Photon Systems Instruments, AquaPen handheld; Inorganic nutrients; Keratella quadrata; Latitude of event; Leucine aminopeptidase activity; LIMNOS water sampler; LIMNOSWS; Limnothrix/Planktothrix sp.; Liquid scintillation counter, PerkinElmer, Wallac 1414 WinSpectral; Longitude of event; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; mesocosm study; Microscope, Carl Zeiss, Axio Imager.D2; coupled with Collibri LED module illumination system, Carl Zeiss; Microscope, Carl Zeiss, Axioskop 2 plus; coupled with fluorescence lamp, Carl Zeiss, HBO100; Nanoflagellates, heterotrophic; Nanoflagellates, phototrophic; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Nitrate; Nitrite; Nitrogen, organic, dissolved; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Optical dissolved oxygen, conductivity, temperature probe, YSI , ProSolo ODO/CT; Oxygen, dissolved; Phosphate; Phosphorus, organic, dissolved; Phosphorus, organic, particulate; Phycocyanin; Picocyanobacteria; Picoeukaryotes; plankton community; Podon sp.; PSI AquaPen; Salinity; Silicate; Spectrophotometer, Agilent, Varian Cary Eclipse; Spectrophotometer, Hitachi, U-1100; Stereo microscope, Leica, M125; coupled with integrated camera and fluorescence capability; Synchaeta sp.; Temperature, water; Total organic carbon analyzer (TOC-VCPH), Shimadzu; Tvärminne_mesocosm; Tvärminne Zoological Station, Finnland; Type of study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.966040 |