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author Behr, Anne-Cathrin
Fæste, Christiane Kruse
Azqueta, Amaya
Tavares, Ana M
Spyropoulou, Anastasia
Solhaug, Anita
Olsen, Ann-Karin
Vettorazzi, Ariane
Mertens, Birgit
Zegura, Bojana
Streel, Camille
Ndiaye, Dieynaba
Spilioti, Eliana
Dubreil, Estelle
Buratti, Franca Maria
Crudo, Francesco
Eriksen, Gunnar Sundstøl
Snapkow, Igor
Teixeira, João Paulo
Rasinger, Josef D
Sanders, Julie
Machera, Kyriaki
Ivanova, Lada
Gaté, Laurent
Le Hegarat, Ludovic
Novak, Matjaz
Smith, Nicola M
Tait, Sabrina
Fraga, Sónia
Hager, Sonja
Marko, Doris
Braeuning, Albert
Louro, Henriqueta
Silva, Maria João
Dirven, Hubert
Dietrich, Jessica
author_facet Behr, Anne-Cathrin
Fæste, Christiane Kruse
Azqueta, Amaya
Tavares, Ana M
Spyropoulou, Anastasia
Solhaug, Anita
Olsen, Ann-Karin
Vettorazzi, Ariane
Mertens, Birgit
Zegura, Bojana
Streel, Camille
Ndiaye, Dieynaba
Spilioti, Eliana
Dubreil, Estelle
Buratti, Franca Maria
Crudo, Francesco
Eriksen, Gunnar Sundstøl
Snapkow, Igor
Teixeira, João Paulo
Rasinger, Josef D
Sanders, Julie
Machera, Kyriaki
Ivanova, Lada
Gaté, Laurent
Le Hegarat, Ludovic
Novak, Matjaz
Smith, Nicola M
Tait, Sabrina
Fraga, Sónia
Hager, Sonja
Marko, Doris
Braeuning, Albert
Louro, Henriqueta
Silva, Maria João
Dirven, Hubert
Dietrich, Jessica
Behr, Anne-Cathrin
Fæste, Christiane Kruse
Azqueta, Amaya
Tavares, Ana M
Spyropoulou, Anastasia
Solhaug, Anita
Olsen, Ann-Karin
Vettorazzi, Ariane
Mertens, Birgit
Zegura, Bojana
Streel, Camille
Ndiaye, Dieynaba
Spilioti, Eliana
Dubreil, Estelle
Buratti, Franca Maria
Crudo, Francesco
Eriksen, Gunnar Sundstøl
Snapkow, Igor
Teixeira, João Paulo
Rasinger, Josef D
Sanders, Julie
Machera, Kyriaki
Ivanova, Lada
Gaté, Laurent
Le Hegarat, Ludovic
Novak, Matjaz
Smith, Nicola M
Tait, Sabrina
Fraga, Sónia
Hager, Sonja
Marko, Doris
Braeuning, Albert
Louro, Henriqueta
Silva, Maria João
Dirven, Hubert
Dietrich, Jessica
collection PubMed - marine biology
contents Hazard characterization of the mycotoxins enniatins and beauvericin to identify data gaps and improve risk assessment for human health. Behr, Anne-Cathrin Fæste, Christiane Kruse Azqueta, Amaya Tavares, Ana M Spyropoulou, Anastasia Solhaug, Anita Olsen, Ann-Karin Vettorazzi, Ariane Mertens, Birgit Zegura, Bojana Streel, Camille Ndiaye, Dieynaba Spilioti, Eliana Dubreil, Estelle Buratti, Franca Maria Crudo, Francesco Eriksen, Gunnar Sundstøl Snapkow, Igor Teixeira, João Paulo Rasinger, Josef D Sanders, Julie Machera, Kyriaki Ivanova, Lada Gaté, Laurent Le Hegarat, Ludovic Novak, Matjaz Smith, Nicola M Tait, Sabrina Fraga, Sónia Hager, Sonja Marko, Doris Braeuning, Albert Louro, Henriqueta Silva, Maria João Dirven, Hubert Dietrich, Jessica Depsipeptides Risk Assessment Humans Animals Mycotoxins Food Contamination Toxicokinetics Enniatins (ENNs) and beauvericin (BEA) are cyclic hexadepsipeptide fungal metabolites which have demonstrated antibiotic, antimycotic, and insecticidal activities. The substantial toxic potentials of these mycotoxins are associated with their ionophoric molecular properties and relatively high lipophilicities. ENNs occur extensively in grain and grain-derived products and are considered a food safety issue by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The tolerable daily intake and maximum levels for ENNs in humans and animals remain unestablished due to key toxicological and toxicokinetic data gaps, preventing full risk assessment. Aiming to find critical data gaps impeding hazard characterization and risk evaluation, this review presents a comprehensive summary of the existing information from in vitro and in vivo studies on toxicokinetic characteristics and cytotoxic, genotoxic, immunotoxic, endocrine, reproductive and developmental effects of the most prevalent ENN analogues (ENN A, A1, B, B1) and BEA. The missing information identified showed that additional studies on ENNs and BEA have to be performed before sufficient data for an in-depth hazard characterisation of these mycotoxins become available.
format Artículo científico
id pubmed_40137953
institution PubMed
language en
publishDate 2025
publisher Archives of toxicology
record_format pubmed
spellingShingle Hazard characterization of the mycotoxins enniatins and beauvericin to identify data gaps and improve risk assessment for human health.
Behr, Anne-Cathrin
Fæste, Christiane Kruse
Azqueta, Amaya
Tavares, Ana M
Spyropoulou, Anastasia
Solhaug, Anita
Olsen, Ann-Karin
Vettorazzi, Ariane
Mertens, Birgit
Zegura, Bojana
Streel, Camille
Ndiaye, Dieynaba
Spilioti, Eliana
Dubreil, Estelle
Buratti, Franca Maria
Crudo, Francesco
Eriksen, Gunnar Sundstøl
Snapkow, Igor
Teixeira, João Paulo
Rasinger, Josef D
Sanders, Julie
Machera, Kyriaki
Ivanova, Lada
Gaté, Laurent
Le Hegarat, Ludovic
Novak, Matjaz
Smith, Nicola M
Tait, Sabrina
Fraga, Sónia
Hager, Sonja
Marko, Doris
Braeuning, Albert
Louro, Henriqueta
Silva, Maria João
Dirven, Hubert
Dietrich, Jessica
Depsipeptides
Risk Assessment
Humans
Animals
Mycotoxins
Food Contamination
Toxicokinetics
Hazard characterization of the mycotoxins enniatins and beauvericin to identify data gaps and improve risk assessment for human health. Behr, Anne-Cathrin Fæste, Christiane Kruse Azqueta, Amaya Tavares, Ana M Spyropoulou, Anastasia Solhaug, Anita Olsen, Ann-Karin Vettorazzi, Ariane Mertens, Birgit Zegura, Bojana Streel, Camille Ndiaye, Dieynaba Spilioti, Eliana Dubreil, Estelle Buratti, Franca Maria Crudo, Francesco Eriksen, Gunnar Sundstøl Snapkow, Igor Teixeira, João Paulo Rasinger, Josef D Sanders, Julie Machera, Kyriaki Ivanova, Lada Gaté, Laurent Le Hegarat, Ludovic Novak, Matjaz Smith, Nicola M Tait, Sabrina Fraga, Sónia Hager, Sonja Marko, Doris Braeuning, Albert Louro, Henriqueta Silva, Maria João Dirven, Hubert Dietrich, Jessica Depsipeptides Risk Assessment Humans Animals Mycotoxins Food Contamination Toxicokinetics Enniatins (ENNs) and beauvericin (BEA) are cyclic hexadepsipeptide fungal metabolites which have demonstrated antibiotic, antimycotic, and insecticidal activities. The substantial toxic potentials of these mycotoxins are associated with their ionophoric molecular properties and relatively high lipophilicities. ENNs occur extensively in grain and grain-derived products and are considered a food safety issue by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The tolerable daily intake and maximum levels for ENNs in humans and animals remain unestablished due to key toxicological and toxicokinetic data gaps, preventing full risk assessment. Aiming to find critical data gaps impeding hazard characterization and risk evaluation, this review presents a comprehensive summary of the existing information from in vitro and in vivo studies on toxicokinetic characteristics and cytotoxic, genotoxic, immunotoxic, endocrine, reproductive and developmental effects of the most prevalent ENN analogues (ENN A, A1, B, B1) and BEA. The missing information identified showed that additional studies on ENNs and BEA have to be performed before sufficient data for an in-depth hazard characterisation of these mycotoxins become available.
title Hazard characterization of the mycotoxins enniatins and beauvericin to identify data gaps and improve risk assessment for human health.
topic Depsipeptides
Risk Assessment
Humans
Animals
Mycotoxins
Food Contamination
Toxicokinetics
url https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40137953/