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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
Nature
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40307520/ |
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| _version_ | 1868266209163608064 |
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| author | Zhao, Shiye Kvale, Karin F Zhu, Lixin Zettler, Erik R Egger, Matthias Mincer, Tracy J Amaral-Zettler, Linda A Lebreton, Laurent Niemann, Helge Nakajima, Ryota Thiel, Martin Bos, Ryan P Galgani, Luisa Stubbins, Aron |
| author_facet | Zhao, Shiye Kvale, Karin F Zhu, Lixin Zettler, Erik R Egger, Matthias Mincer, Tracy J Amaral-Zettler, Linda A Lebreton, Laurent Niemann, Helge Nakajima, Ryota Thiel, Martin Bos, Ryan P Galgani, Luisa Stubbins, Aron Zhao, Shiye Kvale, Karin F Zhu, Lixin Zettler, Erik R Egger, Matthias Mincer, Tracy J Amaral-Zettler, Linda A Lebreton, Laurent Niemann, Helge Nakajima, Ryota Thiel, Martin Bos, Ryan P Galgani, Luisa Stubbins, Aron |
| collection | PubMed - marine biology |
| contents | The distribution of subsurface microplastics in the ocean. Zhao, Shiye Kvale, Karin F Zhu, Lixin Zettler, Erik R Egger, Matthias Mincer, Tracy J Amaral-Zettler, Linda A Lebreton, Laurent Niemann, Helge Nakajima, Ryota Thiel, Martin Bos, Ryan P Galgani, Luisa Stubbins, Aron Environmental Monitoring Microplastics Oceans and Seas Particle Size Plastics Seawater Water Pollutants, Chemical Marine plastic pollution is a global issue, with microplastics (1 µm-5 mm) dominating the measured plastic count. Although microplastics can be found throughout the oceanic water column, most studies collect microplastics from surface waters (less than about 50-cm depth) using net tows. Consequently, our understanding of the microplastics distribution across ocean depths is more limited. Here we synthesize depth-profile data from 1,885 stations collected between 2014 and 2024 to provide insights into the distribution and potential transport mechanisms of subsurface (below about 50-cm depth, which is not usually sampled by traditional practices) microplastics throughout the oceanic water column. We find that the abundances of microplastics range from 10 to 10 particles per cubic metre. Microplastic size affects their distribution; the abundance of small microplastics (1 µm to 100 µm) decreases gradually with depth, indicating a more even distribution and longer lifespan in the water column compared with larger microplastics (100 µm to 5,000 µm) that tend to concentrate at the stratified layers. Mid-gyre accumulation zones extend into the subsurface ocean but are concentrated in the top 100 m and predominantly consist of larger microplastics. Our analysis suggests that microplastics constitute a measurable fraction of the total particulate organic carbon, increasing from 0.1% at 30 m to 5% at 2,000 m. Although our study establishes a global benchmark, our findings underscore that the lack of standardization creates substantial uncertainties, making it challenging to advance our comprehension of the distribution of microplastics and its impact on the oceanic environment. |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | pubmed_40307520 |
| institution | PubMed |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Nature |
| record_format | pubmed |
| spellingShingle | The distribution of subsurface microplastics in the ocean. Zhao, Shiye Kvale, Karin F Zhu, Lixin Zettler, Erik R Egger, Matthias Mincer, Tracy J Amaral-Zettler, Linda A Lebreton, Laurent Niemann, Helge Nakajima, Ryota Thiel, Martin Bos, Ryan P Galgani, Luisa Stubbins, Aron Environmental Monitoring Microplastics Oceans and Seas Particle Size Plastics Seawater Water Pollutants, Chemical The distribution of subsurface microplastics in the ocean. Zhao, Shiye Kvale, Karin F Zhu, Lixin Zettler, Erik R Egger, Matthias Mincer, Tracy J Amaral-Zettler, Linda A Lebreton, Laurent Niemann, Helge Nakajima, Ryota Thiel, Martin Bos, Ryan P Galgani, Luisa Stubbins, Aron Environmental Monitoring Microplastics Oceans and Seas Particle Size Plastics Seawater Water Pollutants, Chemical Marine plastic pollution is a global issue, with microplastics (1 µm-5 mm) dominating the measured plastic count. Although microplastics can be found throughout the oceanic water column, most studies collect microplastics from surface waters (less than about 50-cm depth) using net tows. Consequently, our understanding of the microplastics distribution across ocean depths is more limited. Here we synthesize depth-profile data from 1,885 stations collected between 2014 and 2024 to provide insights into the distribution and potential transport mechanisms of subsurface (below about 50-cm depth, which is not usually sampled by traditional practices) microplastics throughout the oceanic water column. We find that the abundances of microplastics range from 10 to 10 particles per cubic metre. Microplastic size affects their distribution; the abundance of small microplastics (1 µm to 100 µm) decreases gradually with depth, indicating a more even distribution and longer lifespan in the water column compared with larger microplastics (100 µm to 5,000 µm) that tend to concentrate at the stratified layers. Mid-gyre accumulation zones extend into the subsurface ocean but are concentrated in the top 100 m and predominantly consist of larger microplastics. Our analysis suggests that microplastics constitute a measurable fraction of the total particulate organic carbon, increasing from 0.1% at 30 m to 5% at 2,000 m. Although our study establishes a global benchmark, our findings underscore that the lack of standardization creates substantial uncertainties, making it challenging to advance our comprehension of the distribution of microplastics and its impact on the oceanic environment. |
| title | The distribution of subsurface microplastics in the ocean. |
| topic | Environmental Monitoring Microplastics Oceans and Seas Particle Size Plastics Seawater Water Pollutants, Chemical |
| url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40307520/ |