Adapting to hypo-salinity: Molecular mechanisms in giant clams and symbionts with implications for coral reef resilience under climate change.
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
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Environmental research
2025
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| _version_ | 1868266174431625216 |
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| author | Zhao, Zhen Duan, Xixi Zhang, Tao Bi, Siqi Noor, Zohaib Guo, Shuming Wei, Zonglu Zhang, Yinjie Qin, Yanping Ma, Haitao Pan, Ying Yu, Ziniu Li, Jun Zhang, Yuehuan |
| author_facet | Zhao, Zhen Duan, Xixi Zhang, Tao Bi, Siqi Noor, Zohaib Guo, Shuming Wei, Zonglu Zhang, Yinjie Qin, Yanping Ma, Haitao Pan, Ying Yu, Ziniu Li, Jun Zhang, Yuehuan Zhao, Zhen Duan, Xixi Zhang, Tao Bi, Siqi Noor, Zohaib Guo, Shuming Wei, Zonglu Zhang, Yinjie Qin, Yanping Ma, Haitao Pan, Ying Yu, Ziniu Li, Jun Zhang, Yuehuan |
| collection | PubMed - marine biology |
| contents | Adapting to hypo-salinity: Molecular mechanisms in giant clams and symbionts with implications for coral reef resilience under climate change. Zhao, Zhen Duan, Xixi Zhang, Tao Bi, Siqi Noor, Zohaib Guo, Shuming Wei, Zonglu Zhang, Yinjie Qin, Yanping Ma, Haitao Pan, Ying Yu, Ziniu Li, Jun Zhang, Yuehuan Animals Coral Reefs Climate Change Bivalvia Symbiosis Salinity Adaptation, Physiological Typhoon climates and extreme rainy seasons drive changes in seawater salinity and quality, threatening coral reef ecosystems. As key contributors to coral reef ecosystems, giant clams face major survival pressures from salinity fluctuations. Understanding their salinity adaptation and recovery strategies is thus critical for the long-term conservation and sustainable management of coral reefs. Here, we integrated physiological and meta-transcriptomic analyses to investigate responses of Tridacna crocea to hypo-saline conditions (20 ppt, 27 ppt) and subsequent recovery at 34 ppt. Hypo-salinity significantly reduced growth and survival, with only 69 % survival at 20 ppt, while elevated sodium-potassium pump (NKA) activity was observed, facilitating ion balance maintenance. Meta-transcriptomic analysis revealed downregulated genes related to antioxidants (GGT1), ABC transporters (ABCB11, ABCA12), and fatty acid metabolism (ACAA1), alongside upregulated genes involved in amino acid metabolism (AGXT2, ALDH4A1). Symbionts exhibited decreased photosystem II (PSII) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and expulsion. Notably, partial recovery was achieved under 27 ppt hypo-salinity, whereas 20 ppt induced irreversible damage. Collectively, T. crocea copes with hypo-saline stress through coordinated regulation of ion transport, amino acid metabolism, and symbiont functionality, with 27 ppt potentially emerging as a critical threshold for recoverable adaptation. These findings provide valuable mechanistic insights to inform coral reef conservation strategies under global climate change. |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | pubmed_40692024 |
| institution | PubMed |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Environmental research |
| record_format | pubmed |
| spellingShingle | Adapting to hypo-salinity: Molecular mechanisms in giant clams and symbionts with implications for coral reef resilience under climate change. Zhao, Zhen Duan, Xixi Zhang, Tao Bi, Siqi Noor, Zohaib Guo, Shuming Wei, Zonglu Zhang, Yinjie Qin, Yanping Ma, Haitao Pan, Ying Yu, Ziniu Li, Jun Zhang, Yuehuan Animals Coral Reefs Climate Change Bivalvia Symbiosis Salinity Adaptation, Physiological Adapting to hypo-salinity: Molecular mechanisms in giant clams and symbionts with implications for coral reef resilience under climate change. Zhao, Zhen Duan, Xixi Zhang, Tao Bi, Siqi Noor, Zohaib Guo, Shuming Wei, Zonglu Zhang, Yinjie Qin, Yanping Ma, Haitao Pan, Ying Yu, Ziniu Li, Jun Zhang, Yuehuan Animals Coral Reefs Climate Change Bivalvia Symbiosis Salinity Adaptation, Physiological Typhoon climates and extreme rainy seasons drive changes in seawater salinity and quality, threatening coral reef ecosystems. As key contributors to coral reef ecosystems, giant clams face major survival pressures from salinity fluctuations. Understanding their salinity adaptation and recovery strategies is thus critical for the long-term conservation and sustainable management of coral reefs. Here, we integrated physiological and meta-transcriptomic analyses to investigate responses of Tridacna crocea to hypo-saline conditions (20 ppt, 27 ppt) and subsequent recovery at 34 ppt. Hypo-salinity significantly reduced growth and survival, with only 69 % survival at 20 ppt, while elevated sodium-potassium pump (NKA) activity was observed, facilitating ion balance maintenance. Meta-transcriptomic analysis revealed downregulated genes related to antioxidants (GGT1), ABC transporters (ABCB11, ABCA12), and fatty acid metabolism (ACAA1), alongside upregulated genes involved in amino acid metabolism (AGXT2, ALDH4A1). Symbionts exhibited decreased photosystem II (PSII) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and expulsion. Notably, partial recovery was achieved under 27 ppt hypo-salinity, whereas 20 ppt induced irreversible damage. Collectively, T. crocea copes with hypo-saline stress through coordinated regulation of ion transport, amino acid metabolism, and symbiont functionality, with 27 ppt potentially emerging as a critical threshold for recoverable adaptation. These findings provide valuable mechanistic insights to inform coral reef conservation strategies under global climate change. |
| title | Adapting to hypo-salinity: Molecular mechanisms in giant clams and symbionts with implications for coral reef resilience under climate change. |
| topic | Animals Coral Reefs Climate Change Bivalvia Symbiosis Salinity Adaptation, Physiological |
| url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40692024/ |