Unseen threat: Persistent picophytoplankton and harmful algae challenge ballast water management in major Spanish ports.
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PubMed
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Langue: | en |
| Publié: |
Marine pollution bulletin
2026
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| _version_ | 1868266149519556610 |
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| author | Bilbao, Jone Pavloudi, Christina Seoane, Sergio |
| author_facet | Bilbao, Jone Pavloudi, Christina Seoane, Sergio Bilbao, Jone Pavloudi, Christina Seoane, Sergio |
| collection | PubMed - marine biology |
| contents | Unseen threat: Persistent picophytoplankton and harmful algae challenge ballast water management in major Spanish ports. Bilbao, Jone Pavloudi, Christina Seoane, Sergio Phytoplankton Ships Spain Environmental Monitoring Harmful Algal Bloom Introduced Species Biomass DNA, Environmental DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic Ports are critical hubs for global trade, yet they are also significant hotspots for the unintentional introduction and dispersal of aquatic organisms, primarily via ballast water. While the International Maritime Organization's (IMO's) Ballast Water Management Convention aims to prevent the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens, this study reveals persistent shortcomings in its effectiveness, particularly concerning phytoplankton. The present research analyzed phytoplankton communities in three major Spanish ports (Algeciras, Bilbao, and Valencia) across three sampling campaigns in 2023. Employing a multi-method approach, including microscopy, HPLC pigment analysis, and eDNA metabarcoding, the study evaluated biosecurity risks and regulatory limitations. A key finding was the consistent dominance of picophytoplankton ( |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | pubmed_40976042 |
| institution | PubMed |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Marine pollution bulletin |
| record_format | pubmed |
| spellingShingle | Unseen threat: Persistent picophytoplankton and harmful algae challenge ballast water management in major Spanish ports. Bilbao, Jone Pavloudi, Christina Seoane, Sergio Phytoplankton Ships Spain Environmental Monitoring Harmful Algal Bloom Introduced Species Biomass DNA, Environmental DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic Unseen threat: Persistent picophytoplankton and harmful algae challenge ballast water management in major Spanish ports. Bilbao, Jone Pavloudi, Christina Seoane, Sergio Phytoplankton Ships Spain Environmental Monitoring Harmful Algal Bloom Introduced Species Biomass DNA, Environmental DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic Ports are critical hubs for global trade, yet they are also significant hotspots for the unintentional introduction and dispersal of aquatic organisms, primarily via ballast water. While the International Maritime Organization's (IMO's) Ballast Water Management Convention aims to prevent the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens, this study reveals persistent shortcomings in its effectiveness, particularly concerning phytoplankton. The present research analyzed phytoplankton communities in three major Spanish ports (Algeciras, Bilbao, and Valencia) across three sampling campaigns in 2023. Employing a multi-method approach, including microscopy, HPLC pigment analysis, and eDNA metabarcoding, the study evaluated biosecurity risks and regulatory limitations. A key finding was the consistent dominance of picophytoplankton ( |
| title | Unseen threat: Persistent picophytoplankton and harmful algae challenge ballast water management in major Spanish ports. |
| topic | Phytoplankton Ships Spain Environmental Monitoring Harmful Algal Bloom Introduced Species Biomass DNA, Environmental DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic |
| url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40976042/ |