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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
Current biology : CB
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41205607/ |
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Table of Contents:
- Phoronid genome supports a monophyletic Lophophorata. Lewin, Thomas D Sakagami, Tosuke Kao, Li-Jung Liao, Isabel Jiah-Yih Chiu, Yi-Ling Piñon-Gonzalez, Victor M Li, Jeng-Yi Tin, Kai-Xuan Lu, Mei-Yeh Jade Endo, Kazuyoshi Bishop, John D D Hamada, Mayuko Luo, Yi-Jyun Animals Phylogeny Genome Invertebrates Bryozoa Biological Evolution Resolving deep branches of the animal tree of life remains a major challenge in evolutionary biology. One long-standing debate concerns the putative clade Lophophorata, which includes brachiopods, phoronids, and bryozoans, united by a ciliated feeding organ known as the lophophore. While some phylogenomic studies support lophophorate monophyly, others group bryozoans with entoprocts and cycliophorans as Polyzoa. Here, we show that shared chromosome fusion events provide sequence-independent evidence for a close relationship between phoronids and bryozoans. Using a new chromosome-level genome of a phoronid, we identify seven irreversible fusion-with-mixing events shared with bryozoans, one of which is also found in brachiopods. These fusions are absent from other lophotrochozoans, including molluscs, annelids, and nemerteans, supporting a grouping of the three lophophorates. Phylogenomic analyses utilizing chromosome-level genomes and ortholog sets curated to reduce systematic errors also consistently recover Lophophorata as monophyletic. Finally, transcriptomic profiling of lophophores across the three lophophorate phyla reveals a shared co-option of vertebrate head genes together with the shared expression of lineage-specific genes. This integration of ancestral and derived components provides molecular evidence that lophophores are homologous organs rather than convergent filter-feeding adaptations. Together, these findings resolve a century-old debate in metazoan phylogeny, robustly placing phoronids as the sister phylum to bryozoans and highlighting the potential of genome structure analyses in reconstructing deep evolutionary relationships.