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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
Biology
2025
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| Online Access: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41300321/ |
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Table of Contents:
- Identification of SNP Markers in the Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GDH) and Aspartate Aminotransferase 2 (AST2) Associated with Ammonia Nitrogen Tolerance in . Ding, Yangyang Chen, Jinsong Jiang, Song Yang, Qibin Li, Yundong Huang, Jianhua Yang, Lishi Shi, Jianzhi Yu, Yebing Jiang, Shigui Zhou, Falin Black tiger shrimp () is the largest species of penaeid, being commercially cultured globally, ranking as the second most farmed species in the shrimp industry. However, with the transformation of shrimp aquaculture from semi-intensive to high-density farming, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the aquatic environment has increased, severely affecting the growth and survival of shrimps. To increase production efficiency, breeding new strains of shrimp with the trait of tolerance to high ammonia nitrogen is desired in the black tiger shrimp aquaculture. Previous studies have shown that glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and aspartate aminotransferase 2 (AST2) play important roles in the metabolism of ammonia nitrogen in crustaceans. In the present study, we conducted synteny analysis of and in different species. The interactions of with ammonium (NH) and with aspartate were analyzed by docking. To develop molecule markers associated with ammonia nitrogen tolerance, SNPs of and were identified by direct sequencing, genotyped by the SNaPshot technique, and characterized through genotype-phenotype association analysis by PLINK software version 1.9 in the three geographical populations, two families with different ammonia tolerance, and 120 susceptible and resistant individuals of black tiger shrimp. The results indicate that the and genes are evolutionarily conserved in vertebrates, except for the black tiger shrimp, which suggests divergence in selective pressure between invertebrates and vertebrates. Notably, may interact with NH via the residue Asp178 within loop 1 in the GdhA domain through a hydrogen bonding interaction, and may interact with aspartate via helix 1, sheet 1, loop 1, and loop 2, through both hydrogen bonding interactions and a salt bridge interaction. A total of 12 SNPs were detected in the exons of and . Among these candidate SNPs, the distributions of -1227 and -132 showed both significant differences in the genotype and allele association analysis between susceptible and resistant groups. Haplotype association analysis showed that three haplotypes exhibited significantly different distributions between susceptible and resistant groups. In conclusion, -1227 and -132 were associated with ammonia nitrogen tolerance, and these SNP markers are expected to contribute to marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding programs to obtain new strains of .