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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
Vaccine
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41338116/ |
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Table of Contents:
- Vaccines as a strategic approach to combat Vibrio parahaemolyticus and control of early mortality syndrome sin shrimp aquaculture: A comprehensive review. Sen, Bipul Kumar Ghosh, Ritu Rani Rahman, Mostafizur Ahmed, Ilias Hossain, Md Mer Mosharraf Vibrio parahaemolyticus Animals Aquaculture Bacterial Vaccines Vibrio Infections Penaeidae Vaccines, Inactivated Vaccines, DNA Vaccination Vaccines, Attenuated The emergence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS), also known as Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND), severely constrained the sustainability and economic growth of shrimp aquaculture worldwide. The objective of this comprehensive review was to analyze the effectiveness of vaccination as a strategic approach to combat V. parahaemolyticus and control AHPND, focusing on practical alternatives and integrated management methods. The study synthesized global reports from 2009 to 2025, during which AHPND outbreaks led to up to 100 % shrimp mortality within 10-35 days post-stocking, with production decreases of 60 % in some regions and global economic losses estimated at $43 billion from 2010 to 2016. The review examined experimental evidence from laboratory and field trials regarding live attenuated, inactivated, recombinant subunit, and DNA vaccines, as well as complementary approaches including probiotics, phage therapy, plant-based compounds, and metallic nanoparticles. The analysis revealed that inactivated vaccines achieved 41.1-100 % relative percent survival (RPS) and were safe but short-lived, while live attenuated vaccines demonstrated the highest efficacy (96.9-100 % RPS) with prolonged protection, yet posed biosafety challenges. DNA vaccines showed promising results with up to 96.11 % RPS, and protein subunit vaccines achieved 66.7-82.4 % RPS. Certain probiotics such as Lactobacillus plantarum SGLAB01 and bacteriophage pVp-1 significantly improved shrimp survival and immune responses, with pVp-1 showing 90.9 % infectivity against AHPND strains. The study concluded that integrated strategies combining vaccination with biological and natural agents were more effective in mitigating AHPND and reducing antibiotic dependence. However, regulatory hurdles, variable field conditions, delivery challenges, and pathogen diversity limited widespread vaccine adoption. Vaccination shows promise as a sustainable approach to improve shrimp health and economic resilience, but current limitations in efficacy and delivery highlight the need for further research. Vaccine optimization and its integration with management strategies are key to controlling V. parahaemolyticus and Early Mortality Syndrome globally.