Developmental system drift in the patterning of the arthropod tarsus.
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
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Proceedings. Biological sciences
2026
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| author | Klementz, Benjamin Neu, Sophie Laumer, Ethan Hinne, Isaac Setton, Emily Verma, Neeharika Hämmerle, Max Rallis, John Barnett, Austen Brenneis, Georg Gulia-Nuss, Monika Pavlopoulos, Anastasios Sharma, Prashant |
| author_facet | Klementz, Benjamin Neu, Sophie Laumer, Ethan Hinne, Isaac Setton, Emily Verma, Neeharika Hämmerle, Max Rallis, John Barnett, Austen Brenneis, Georg Gulia-Nuss, Monika Pavlopoulos, Anastasios Sharma, Prashant Klementz, Benjamin Neu, Sophie Laumer, Ethan Hinne, Isaac Setton, Emily Verma, Neeharika Hämmerle, Max Rallis, John Barnett, Austen Brenneis, Georg Gulia-Nuss, Monika Pavlopoulos, Anastasios Sharma, Prashant |
| collection | PubMed - marine biology |
| contents | Developmental system drift in the patterning of the arthropod tarsus. Klementz, Benjamin Neu, Sophie Laumer, Ethan Hinne, Isaac Setton, Emily Verma, Neeharika Hämmerle, Max Rallis, John Barnett, Austen Brenneis, Georg Gulia-Nuss, Monika Pavlopoulos, Anastasios Sharma, Prashant Animals Body Patterning Extremities Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental RNA Interference Homeodomain Proteins Arthropods Arachnida The current understanding of proximodistal axis patterning in arthropod legs is grounded in insect models. The paradigm for appendage evolution in this phylum is that the gene regulatory network responsible for leg subdivision and patterning is broadly conserved. Recent surveys of these genes have suggested that chelicerate exemplars exhibit divergent appendage patterning dynamics, though functional data remain limited. One salient mismatch in expression occurs in homologues of the homeobox gene clawless. In insects, clawless is expressed in the distalmost leg territory, specifying the claw-bearing pretarsus. In the harvestman Phalangium opilio, clawless occupies a broad tarsal domain early in development, localizing later to the metatarsus-tarsus boundary, suggestive of a tarsal patterning function. Here, we tested the function of harvestman clawless using RNA interference. Unlike insects, we show that clawless knockdown results in disrupted tarsal growth and patterning of its proximal segmental boundary, with no effect on the claw. Truncation of the tarsus is associated with defective tarsomere formation. We additionally surveyed the expression of clawless homologues in exemplars of chelicerate diversity, which suggests that the tarsal-patterning function for clawless was likely present in the most recent common ancestor of Chelicerata. These results join a suite of other comparative works suggesting that panarthropod appendage patterning exhibits numerous cases of developmental system drift. |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | pubmed_41667105 |
| institution | PubMed |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Proceedings. Biological sciences |
| record_format | pubmed |
| spellingShingle | Developmental system drift in the patterning of the arthropod tarsus. Klementz, Benjamin Neu, Sophie Laumer, Ethan Hinne, Isaac Setton, Emily Verma, Neeharika Hämmerle, Max Rallis, John Barnett, Austen Brenneis, Georg Gulia-Nuss, Monika Pavlopoulos, Anastasios Sharma, Prashant Animals Body Patterning Extremities Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental RNA Interference Homeodomain Proteins Arthropods Arachnida Developmental system drift in the patterning of the arthropod tarsus. Klementz, Benjamin Neu, Sophie Laumer, Ethan Hinne, Isaac Setton, Emily Verma, Neeharika Hämmerle, Max Rallis, John Barnett, Austen Brenneis, Georg Gulia-Nuss, Monika Pavlopoulos, Anastasios Sharma, Prashant Animals Body Patterning Extremities Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental RNA Interference Homeodomain Proteins Arthropods Arachnida The current understanding of proximodistal axis patterning in arthropod legs is grounded in insect models. The paradigm for appendage evolution in this phylum is that the gene regulatory network responsible for leg subdivision and patterning is broadly conserved. Recent surveys of these genes have suggested that chelicerate exemplars exhibit divergent appendage patterning dynamics, though functional data remain limited. One salient mismatch in expression occurs in homologues of the homeobox gene clawless. In insects, clawless is expressed in the distalmost leg territory, specifying the claw-bearing pretarsus. In the harvestman Phalangium opilio, clawless occupies a broad tarsal domain early in development, localizing later to the metatarsus-tarsus boundary, suggestive of a tarsal patterning function. Here, we tested the function of harvestman clawless using RNA interference. Unlike insects, we show that clawless knockdown results in disrupted tarsal growth and patterning of its proximal segmental boundary, with no effect on the claw. Truncation of the tarsus is associated with defective tarsomere formation. We additionally surveyed the expression of clawless homologues in exemplars of chelicerate diversity, which suggests that the tarsal-patterning function for clawless was likely present in the most recent common ancestor of Chelicerata. These results join a suite of other comparative works suggesting that panarthropod appendage patterning exhibits numerous cases of developmental system drift. |
| title | Developmental system drift in the patterning of the arthropod tarsus. |
| topic | Animals Body Patterning Extremities Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental RNA Interference Homeodomain Proteins Arthropods Arachnida |
| url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41667105/ |