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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
Environmental science. Nano
2026
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| Online Access: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41742933/ |
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Table of Contents:
- Evidence of copper (nano)formulation biotransformations triggered by on grapevine leaves for targeted plant protection. Salvador, Diana Rodrigues, Sónia Alves, Artur Fidalgo, Cátia Rodrigues, Sandra Castillo-Michel, Hiram Avellan, Astrid The present work aimed at unravelling if fungal inoculation on grapevine leaves could trigger the dissolution of foliarly deposited Cu (nano)formulations, and how this would impact Cu translocation . Leaves of grapevine seedlings were exposed to 3.3 μg of Cu (5 μg cm). Formulations of contrasting solubilities (micro-sized conventional Bordeaux mixture, CuO-nanoparticles (CuO-NPs), and CuSO) were applied to grapevine leaves, followed by the inoculation of spores on top of the deposited Cu formulations. Nine days after Cu deposition, and six days post inoculation, Cu distribution and transformations were assessed at the leaf surface using micro-X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy. Cu was also quantified in non-exposed tissues to evaluate the role of fungal-triggered transformations on Cu translocation. For all non-inoculated formulations, Cu remained largely untransformed at the leaf surface. After inoculation of , Cu was partly found complexed with carboxylate- and thiol-containing compounds, associated with partial Cu reduction, with similar patterns across all (nano)formulations. This was mainly attributed to the presence of fungal metabolites. Despite these transformations, Cu did not significantly translocate , with all the taken-up Cu found on and/or within exposed leaves. This work suggests that these approaches could lead to more efficient plant protection strategies by (i) increasing leaf affinity of Cu-based compounds, while (ii) triggering ionic Cu release thanks to a pathogen-triggered dissolution.