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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
Current biology : CB
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41881010/ |
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| _version_ | 1868266069653716993 |
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| author | Yoxsimer, Alyssa M Daugherty, Rhea R Hare, Emily E Chan, Yingguang Frank Jones, Felicity C Roberts Kingman, Garrett A Offenberg, Emma G Howes, Timothy R Zhang, Haili Pollen, Alex A Brady, Shannon D Xie, Kathleen T Chen, Heidi I Lowe, Craig B Au, Eric H Grimwood, Jane Schmutz, Jeremy Myers, Richard M Schluter, Dolph Heins, David C Reyes, Miguel L Baker, John A Jónsson, Bjarni Reimchen, Thomas E Bell, Michael A Kingsley, David M |
| author_facet | Yoxsimer, Alyssa M Daugherty, Rhea R Hare, Emily E Chan, Yingguang Frank Jones, Felicity C Roberts Kingman, Garrett A Offenberg, Emma G Howes, Timothy R Zhang, Haili Pollen, Alex A Brady, Shannon D Xie, Kathleen T Chen, Heidi I Lowe, Craig B Au, Eric H Grimwood, Jane Schmutz, Jeremy Myers, Richard M Schluter, Dolph Heins, David C Reyes, Miguel L Baker, John A Jónsson, Bjarni Reimchen, Thomas E Bell, Michael A Kingsley, David M Yoxsimer, Alyssa M Daugherty, Rhea R Hare, Emily E Chan, Yingguang Frank Jones, Felicity C Roberts Kingman, Garrett A Offenberg, Emma G Howes, Timothy R Zhang, Haili Pollen, Alex A Brady, Shannon D Xie, Kathleen T Chen, Heidi I Lowe, Craig B Au, Eric H Grimwood, Jane Schmutz, Jeremy Myers, Richard M Schluter, Dolph Heins, David C Reyes, Miguel L Baker, John A Jónsson, Bjarni Reimchen, Thomas E Bell, Michael A Kingsley, David M |
| collection | PubMed - marine biology |
| contents | Rapid and repeated evolution of myosin copy number in threespine stickleback. Yoxsimer, Alyssa M Daugherty, Rhea R Hare, Emily E Chan, Yingguang Frank Jones, Felicity C Roberts Kingman, Garrett A Offenberg, Emma G Howes, Timothy R Zhang, Haili Pollen, Alex A Brady, Shannon D Xie, Kathleen T Chen, Heidi I Lowe, Craig B Au, Eric H Grimwood, Jane Schmutz, Jeremy Myers, Richard M Schluter, Dolph Heins, David C Reyes, Miguel L Baker, John A Jónsson, Bjarni Reimchen, Thomas E Bell, Michael A Kingsley, David M Animals Smegmamorpha Myosin Heavy Chains Evolution, Molecular DNA Copy Number Variations Fish Proteins Gene Dosage Copy-number variants at genomic loci evolve at a high rate, are linked to many different diseases, and play a role in adaptive evolution in humans and other organisms. Here, we show that stickleback fish from freshwater environments have rapidly and repeatedly evolved an expanded number of copies of a gene family involved in muscle development, myosin heavy chain 3 cluster C (MYH3C), compared with marine populations. Differences in copy number between marine and freshwater fish are maintained even in the presence of gene flow, suggesting that MYH3C changes represent adaptive divergence between ecotypes. Copy-number expansion occurs by tandem duplication of MYH3C coding and regulatory regions on the stickleback sex chromosome. We identify a muscle regulatory enhancer within the expanded MYH3C region and show that elevated copy number is associated with developmental and tissue-specific increases in corresponding mRNA expression levels in skeletal muscle. Common MYH3C clusters include 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-copy variants that likely evolved through a combination of microhomology-mediated break repair and non-allelic homologous recombination. Our results provide a new example of copy-number changes in a wild species and identify copy-number variations (CNVs) as potential "hotspots" of repeated adaptive evolution. |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | pubmed_41881010 |
| institution | PubMed |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Current biology : CB |
| record_format | pubmed |
| spellingShingle | Rapid and repeated evolution of myosin copy number in threespine stickleback. Yoxsimer, Alyssa M Daugherty, Rhea R Hare, Emily E Chan, Yingguang Frank Jones, Felicity C Roberts Kingman, Garrett A Offenberg, Emma G Howes, Timothy R Zhang, Haili Pollen, Alex A Brady, Shannon D Xie, Kathleen T Chen, Heidi I Lowe, Craig B Au, Eric H Grimwood, Jane Schmutz, Jeremy Myers, Richard M Schluter, Dolph Heins, David C Reyes, Miguel L Baker, John A Jónsson, Bjarni Reimchen, Thomas E Bell, Michael A Kingsley, David M Animals Smegmamorpha Myosin Heavy Chains Evolution, Molecular DNA Copy Number Variations Fish Proteins Gene Dosage Rapid and repeated evolution of myosin copy number in threespine stickleback. Yoxsimer, Alyssa M Daugherty, Rhea R Hare, Emily E Chan, Yingguang Frank Jones, Felicity C Roberts Kingman, Garrett A Offenberg, Emma G Howes, Timothy R Zhang, Haili Pollen, Alex A Brady, Shannon D Xie, Kathleen T Chen, Heidi I Lowe, Craig B Au, Eric H Grimwood, Jane Schmutz, Jeremy Myers, Richard M Schluter, Dolph Heins, David C Reyes, Miguel L Baker, John A Jónsson, Bjarni Reimchen, Thomas E Bell, Michael A Kingsley, David M Animals Smegmamorpha Myosin Heavy Chains Evolution, Molecular DNA Copy Number Variations Fish Proteins Gene Dosage Copy-number variants at genomic loci evolve at a high rate, are linked to many different diseases, and play a role in adaptive evolution in humans and other organisms. Here, we show that stickleback fish from freshwater environments have rapidly and repeatedly evolved an expanded number of copies of a gene family involved in muscle development, myosin heavy chain 3 cluster C (MYH3C), compared with marine populations. Differences in copy number between marine and freshwater fish are maintained even in the presence of gene flow, suggesting that MYH3C changes represent adaptive divergence between ecotypes. Copy-number expansion occurs by tandem duplication of MYH3C coding and regulatory regions on the stickleback sex chromosome. We identify a muscle regulatory enhancer within the expanded MYH3C region and show that elevated copy number is associated with developmental and tissue-specific increases in corresponding mRNA expression levels in skeletal muscle. Common MYH3C clusters include 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-copy variants that likely evolved through a combination of microhomology-mediated break repair and non-allelic homologous recombination. Our results provide a new example of copy-number changes in a wild species and identify copy-number variations (CNVs) as potential "hotspots" of repeated adaptive evolution. |
| title | Rapid and repeated evolution of myosin copy number in threespine stickleback. |
| topic | Animals Smegmamorpha Myosin Heavy Chains Evolution, Molecular DNA Copy Number Variations Fish Proteins Gene Dosage |
| url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41881010/ |