Genomic organization of the TCRα locus and essential roles of αβ T cells in antibacterial immunity in Nile tilapia.
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| Natura: | Artículo científico |
| Lingua: | en |
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Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
2026
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| _version_ | 1868266059501404160 |
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| author | Geng, Ming Li, Kang Zhang, Jiansong Zheng, Yuying Chen, Haokai Jiang, Qiqi Yang, Jialong Wei, Xiumei |
| author_facet | Geng, Ming Li, Kang Zhang, Jiansong Zheng, Yuying Chen, Haokai Jiang, Qiqi Yang, Jialong Wei, Xiumei Geng, Ming Li, Kang Zhang, Jiansong Zheng, Yuying Chen, Haokai Jiang, Qiqi Yang, Jialong Wei, Xiumei |
| collection | PubMed - marine biology |
| contents | Genomic organization of the TCRα locus and essential roles of αβ T cells in antibacterial immunity in Nile tilapia. Geng, Ming Li, Kang Zhang, Jiansong Zheng, Yuying Chen, Haokai Jiang, Qiqi Yang, Jialong Wei, Xiumei Animals Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta Cichlids Fish Diseases Enterobacteriaceae Infections Edwardsiella Lymphocyte Activation T-Lymphocytes Adaptive Immunity T cells utilize diverse T cell receptors (TCRs) to recognize antigenic peptides and mediate adaptive immunity. However, the organization and function of αβ T cells in early vertebrates remain poorly understood. Here, we systematically characterized the TCRα locus and αβ T cell responses in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) during Edwardsiella piscicida infection. Genomic analysis revealed that the TCRα locus in Nile tilapia exhibits a distinctive Vα(61)-Jα(82)-Cα(1)-Vα(65) structure with conserved synteny in the flanking regions, while the constant region retains essential residues for TCR/CD3 complex assembly. We further generated monoclonal antibody against tilapia TCRα and TCRβ and confirmed their coexpression by the majority of CD3ε+ T cells, validating these cells as bona fide αβ T cells. Functional assays showed that CD3ε/CD28 monoclonal antibody stimulation induced robust αβ T cell activation, as evidenced by enhanced phosphorylation of S6, NF-κB, and ERK1/2, together with vigorous cellular proliferation. In vivo, E. piscicida infection triggered a pronounced expansion of αβ T cells, indicating their active involvement in antibacterial immunity. Importantly, depletion of αβ T cells severely impaired pathogen clearance and significantly increased host mortality. Together, these findings elucidate the indispensable role of αβ T cells in the antibacterial immunity of teleosts and provide critical insights into the functional mechanisms of adaptive immunity in early vertebrates. |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | pubmed_42001518 |
| institution | PubMed |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) |
| record_format | pubmed |
| spellingShingle | Genomic organization of the TCRα locus and essential roles of αβ T cells in antibacterial immunity in Nile tilapia. Geng, Ming Li, Kang Zhang, Jiansong Zheng, Yuying Chen, Haokai Jiang, Qiqi Yang, Jialong Wei, Xiumei Animals Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta Cichlids Fish Diseases Enterobacteriaceae Infections Edwardsiella Lymphocyte Activation T-Lymphocytes Adaptive Immunity Genomic organization of the TCRα locus and essential roles of αβ T cells in antibacterial immunity in Nile tilapia. Geng, Ming Li, Kang Zhang, Jiansong Zheng, Yuying Chen, Haokai Jiang, Qiqi Yang, Jialong Wei, Xiumei Animals Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta Cichlids Fish Diseases Enterobacteriaceae Infections Edwardsiella Lymphocyte Activation T-Lymphocytes Adaptive Immunity T cells utilize diverse T cell receptors (TCRs) to recognize antigenic peptides and mediate adaptive immunity. However, the organization and function of αβ T cells in early vertebrates remain poorly understood. Here, we systematically characterized the TCRα locus and αβ T cell responses in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) during Edwardsiella piscicida infection. Genomic analysis revealed that the TCRα locus in Nile tilapia exhibits a distinctive Vα(61)-Jα(82)-Cα(1)-Vα(65) structure with conserved synteny in the flanking regions, while the constant region retains essential residues for TCR/CD3 complex assembly. We further generated monoclonal antibody against tilapia TCRα and TCRβ and confirmed their coexpression by the majority of CD3ε+ T cells, validating these cells as bona fide αβ T cells. Functional assays showed that CD3ε/CD28 monoclonal antibody stimulation induced robust αβ T cell activation, as evidenced by enhanced phosphorylation of S6, NF-κB, and ERK1/2, together with vigorous cellular proliferation. In vivo, E. piscicida infection triggered a pronounced expansion of αβ T cells, indicating their active involvement in antibacterial immunity. Importantly, depletion of αβ T cells severely impaired pathogen clearance and significantly increased host mortality. Together, these findings elucidate the indispensable role of αβ T cells in the antibacterial immunity of teleosts and provide critical insights into the functional mechanisms of adaptive immunity in early vertebrates. |
| title | Genomic organization of the TCRα locus and essential roles of αβ T cells in antibacterial immunity in Nile tilapia. |
| topic | Animals Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta Cichlids Fish Diseases Enterobacteriaceae Infections Edwardsiella Lymphocyte Activation T-Lymphocytes Adaptive Immunity |
| url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42001518/ |