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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42031202/ |
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| _version_ | 1868266056182661121 |
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| author | Soares, Marlene Furst, Leonardo Cipoli, Yago Silva, Alan Evtyugina, Margarita Vicente, Estela Oliveira, Helena Leitão, Anabela Alves, Célia |
| author_facet | Soares, Marlene Furst, Leonardo Cipoli, Yago Silva, Alan Evtyugina, Margarita Vicente, Estela Oliveira, Helena Leitão, Anabela Alves, Célia Soares, Marlene Furst, Leonardo Cipoli, Yago Silva, Alan Evtyugina, Margarita Vicente, Estela Oliveira, Helena Leitão, Anabela Alves, Célia |
| collection | PubMed - marine biology |
| contents | Lung alveolar cell reactivity to organic fractions extracted from air particulate matter collected in an African megacity. Soares, Marlene Furst, Leonardo Cipoli, Yago Silva, Alan Evtyugina, Margarita Vicente, Estela Oliveira, Helena Leitão, Anabela Alves, Célia Particulate Matter Humans Air Pollutants Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Environmental Monitoring Alveolar Epithelial Cells Cities A549 Cells Reactive Oxygen Species Airborne particulate matter (PM) exposure is strongly associated with adverse respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes. In rapidly urbanising cities such as Luanda, where no air quality monitoring exists, assessing the biological effects of PM is critical to guide public health strategies and legislation. This study investigated the organic composition and cytotoxicity mechanisms of PM collected near a busy road in central Luanda from June to November 2023. Chemical analysis identified polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), quinones, saccharides (e.g., levoglucosan), hydroxy acids, and dicarboxylic acids, with temporal patterns reflecting alternating contributions from traffic emissions, biomass burning, and secondary organic aerosol formation. A549 alveolar basal epithelial adenocarcinoma cells exposed to PM organic extracts showed a dose- and time-dependent response, with viability reduced to ∼50% after 72 h for the most toxic samples, which were richer in hydroxy and dicarboxylic acids. Flow cytometry confirmed cell cycle disruption, particularly S-phase arrest at low exposure concentrations after 72 h, indicating impaired proliferation and DNA synthesis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation increased significantly upon exposure, especially in late-campaign samples enriched in PAHs and quinones. Correlation analysis linked quinones with ROS formation, while aliphatic alcohols and organic acids (hydroxy and dicarboxylic) were positively associated with G0/G1 and negatively associated with the S and G2 phases. No compound class correlated directly with viability. These findings indicate that Luanda PM contains biologically active organics capable of inducing oxidative stress, cell cycle disruption, and reduced metabolic activity. Broader chemical characterisation and multi-site sampling are needed to refine health risk estimates and support evidence-based regulation. |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | pubmed_42031202 |
| institution | PubMed |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) |
| record_format | pubmed |
| spellingShingle | Lung alveolar cell reactivity to organic fractions extracted from air particulate matter collected in an African megacity. Soares, Marlene Furst, Leonardo Cipoli, Yago Silva, Alan Evtyugina, Margarita Vicente, Estela Oliveira, Helena Leitão, Anabela Alves, Célia Particulate Matter Humans Air Pollutants Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Environmental Monitoring Alveolar Epithelial Cells Cities A549 Cells Reactive Oxygen Species Lung alveolar cell reactivity to organic fractions extracted from air particulate matter collected in an African megacity. Soares, Marlene Furst, Leonardo Cipoli, Yago Silva, Alan Evtyugina, Margarita Vicente, Estela Oliveira, Helena Leitão, Anabela Alves, Célia Particulate Matter Humans Air Pollutants Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Environmental Monitoring Alveolar Epithelial Cells Cities A549 Cells Reactive Oxygen Species Airborne particulate matter (PM) exposure is strongly associated with adverse respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes. In rapidly urbanising cities such as Luanda, where no air quality monitoring exists, assessing the biological effects of PM is critical to guide public health strategies and legislation. This study investigated the organic composition and cytotoxicity mechanisms of PM collected near a busy road in central Luanda from June to November 2023. Chemical analysis identified polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), quinones, saccharides (e.g., levoglucosan), hydroxy acids, and dicarboxylic acids, with temporal patterns reflecting alternating contributions from traffic emissions, biomass burning, and secondary organic aerosol formation. A549 alveolar basal epithelial adenocarcinoma cells exposed to PM organic extracts showed a dose- and time-dependent response, with viability reduced to ∼50% after 72 h for the most toxic samples, which were richer in hydroxy and dicarboxylic acids. Flow cytometry confirmed cell cycle disruption, particularly S-phase arrest at low exposure concentrations after 72 h, indicating impaired proliferation and DNA synthesis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation increased significantly upon exposure, especially in late-campaign samples enriched in PAHs and quinones. Correlation analysis linked quinones with ROS formation, while aliphatic alcohols and organic acids (hydroxy and dicarboxylic) were positively associated with G0/G1 and negatively associated with the S and G2 phases. No compound class correlated directly with viability. These findings indicate that Luanda PM contains biologically active organics capable of inducing oxidative stress, cell cycle disruption, and reduced metabolic activity. Broader chemical characterisation and multi-site sampling are needed to refine health risk estimates and support evidence-based regulation. |
| title | Lung alveolar cell reactivity to organic fractions extracted from air particulate matter collected in an African megacity. |
| topic | Particulate Matter Humans Air Pollutants Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Environmental Monitoring Alveolar Epithelial Cells Cities A549 Cells Reactive Oxygen Species |
| url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42031202/ |