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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
| Published: |
Evolutionary applications
2026
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| Online Access: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42164789/ |
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| _version_ | 1868266046439292928 |
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| author | Diaz Pauli, B Mach, E D Savolainen, H Utne-Palm, A C Bartuseviciute, V Reznick, D Heino, M |
| author_facet | Diaz Pauli, B Mach, E D Savolainen, H Utne-Palm, A C Bartuseviciute, V Reznick, D Heino, M Diaz Pauli, B Mach, E D Savolainen, H Utne-Palm, A C Bartuseviciute, V Reznick, D Heino, M |
| collection | PubMed - marine biology |
| contents | Fast Phenotypic and Genetic Changes in Life History and Mortality of Experimental Populations of Guppies () Exposed to Size-Dependent Harvest in a Decade-Long Selection Experiment. Diaz Pauli, B Mach, E D Savolainen, H Utne-Palm, A C Bartuseviciute, V Reznick, D Heino, M Anthropogenic stressors on wild populations commonly impact large individuals more strongly than small ones. A particularly intense mortality on large individuals occurs during harvesting (fishing and hunting). Strong harvest-induced, positively size-dependent mortality leads to smaller size and earlier maturation. However, its effects on other fitness components are yet unclear, as different trade-offs are at play (e.g., current vs. future reproduction, growth vs. reproduction, growth vs. survival). Here we present a unique decade-long size-dependent selection experiment to study the interplay of trade-offs among life-history traits and the relative importance of harvest-induced and natural selective pressures using guppies, as model species. By allowing iteroparous life history in our populations, we showed that populations exposed to positively size-dependent harvest, as that imposed by fisheries, evolved towards faster life history (i.e., heritable changes towards early maturation and high fecundity) and higher "natural" mortality in laboratory conditions, despite an increased lifespan. Our results on length and maturation match those of earlier artificial selection experiments (modelling semelparous life histories), but the different experimental designs resulted in opposite conclusions about fecundity and juvenile growth. Our experimental design, allowing intertemporal trade-offs to unfold naturally under dynamic demographic environments, overcomes the limitations of earlier studies that did not permit these trade-offs. Our unique study, lasting 10 years and assessing over 14 life-history traits, evidences the importance of sufficiently realistic experimental set-ups to better understand the impacts of anthropogenic stressors. Future research should investigate the ecosystem consequences of these life-history changes to further understand the impact of size-dependent harvest on fish populations. |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | pubmed_42164789 |
| institution | PubMed |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Evolutionary applications |
| record_format | pubmed |
| spellingShingle | Fast Phenotypic and Genetic Changes in Life History and Mortality of Experimental Populations of Guppies () Exposed to Size-Dependent Harvest in a Decade-Long Selection Experiment. Diaz Pauli, B Mach, E D Savolainen, H Utne-Palm, A C Bartuseviciute, V Reznick, D Heino, M Fast Phenotypic and Genetic Changes in Life History and Mortality of Experimental Populations of Guppies () Exposed to Size-Dependent Harvest in a Decade-Long Selection Experiment. Diaz Pauli, B Mach, E D Savolainen, H Utne-Palm, A C Bartuseviciute, V Reznick, D Heino, M Anthropogenic stressors on wild populations commonly impact large individuals more strongly than small ones. A particularly intense mortality on large individuals occurs during harvesting (fishing and hunting). Strong harvest-induced, positively size-dependent mortality leads to smaller size and earlier maturation. However, its effects on other fitness components are yet unclear, as different trade-offs are at play (e.g., current vs. future reproduction, growth vs. reproduction, growth vs. survival). Here we present a unique decade-long size-dependent selection experiment to study the interplay of trade-offs among life-history traits and the relative importance of harvest-induced and natural selective pressures using guppies, as model species. By allowing iteroparous life history in our populations, we showed that populations exposed to positively size-dependent harvest, as that imposed by fisheries, evolved towards faster life history (i.e., heritable changes towards early maturation and high fecundity) and higher "natural" mortality in laboratory conditions, despite an increased lifespan. Our results on length and maturation match those of earlier artificial selection experiments (modelling semelparous life histories), but the different experimental designs resulted in opposite conclusions about fecundity and juvenile growth. Our experimental design, allowing intertemporal trade-offs to unfold naturally under dynamic demographic environments, overcomes the limitations of earlier studies that did not permit these trade-offs. Our unique study, lasting 10 years and assessing over 14 life-history traits, evidences the importance of sufficiently realistic experimental set-ups to better understand the impacts of anthropogenic stressors. Future research should investigate the ecosystem consequences of these life-history changes to further understand the impact of size-dependent harvest on fish populations. |
| title | Fast Phenotypic and Genetic Changes in Life History and Mortality of Experimental Populations of Guppies () Exposed to Size-Dependent Harvest in a Decade-Long Selection Experiment. |
| url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42164789/ |