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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo científico |
| Lenguaje: | en |
| Publicado: |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2026
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42207871/ |
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- Animals have expanded the evolutionary legacy of unicellular ancestors in blood cells. Nagahata, Yosuke Nishimura, Yuji Kaitani, Ryota Leong, Jason Cheok Kuan Oda-Ishii, Izumi Kohtsuka, Hisanori Abe, Shinya Ishida, Tasuku Carmona-Rivas, Marina Najle, Sebastián R Casacuberta, Elena Ikuta, Koichi Miura, Toru Ogasawara, Michio Irie, Naoki Satou, Yutaka Ruiz-Trillo, Iñaki Kawamoto, Hiroshi Animals Biological Evolution Phylogeny Blood Cells Cell Lineage Mast Cells Macrophages Cell Differentiation Blood cells are common and unique to animals, enabling them to address critical challenges of defense and transport. Thus, their evolution represents a defining innovation in metazoan multicellular life. However, their evolutionary trajectory about how blood cells emerged and diversified throughout animal history remains unclear. Here, we present a combination of bioinformatics and functional data that demonstrate that the metazoan blood cell program most likely originated through the repurposing of an ancestral premetazoan toolkit governed by . This primordial program established the macrophage-like initial blood cells at the metazoan root. Then, the first lineage bifurcation at the origin of Bilateria drove the emergence of a specialized mast/killer lineage, characterized by acquisition of granular proteases for antiparasitic defense. Subsequent deuterostome/vertebrate innovations branched T/NK and erythrocyte/thrombocyte lineages from mast cells while B cells derived from macrophages. Our data also show that a prototypic thymus formed at the gill edges of a chordate ancestor. In line with the evolutionary history, the modern hematopoietic pathway shows a vestige of the phylogeny; differentiation potentials of phylogenetically old cell lineages expressing such as macrophages and mast cells are widely retained, and ancient HSCs with limited lineage potentials have been inherited as origo-lineage progenitors. Our framework provides the history of blood cells showing an adaptive innovation built upon ancient unicellular foundations.