Nutritional status of indigenous children younger than five years of age in Mexico: Results of a National Probabilistic Survey

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Main Author: Juan A. Rivera
Format: Artículo científico
Language:en
Published: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública 2003
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author Juan A. Rivera
author_facet Juan A. Rivera
contents Nutritional status of indigenous children younger than five years of age in Mexico: Results of a National Probabilistic Survey Juan A. Rivera Eric A. Monterrubio Teresa González Raquel García Armando García Jaime Sepúlveda Salud anemia Mexico wasting stunting undernutrition Objective. To compare the prevalence of undernutritionand anemia in indigenous and non-indigenous children <5years of age at the national level, by region and by urban andrural areas, and to evaluate the degree to which the socioeconomiccondition of the family predicts the differences.Material and Methods. A national probabilistic survey wasconducted in Mexico in 1999. Indigenous families were identifiedas those in which at least one woman 12-49 years ofage in the household spoke a native language. The prevalenceof undernutrition (stunting, wasting and underweight)and anemia was compared between indigenous and nonindigenouschildren. Probability ratios (PR) were used tocompare prevalences in indigenous and non-indigenous childrenadjusting for socioeconomic status (SES) of the familyand for other covariates. Results. The prevalences of stuntingand underweight were greater in indigenous than in nonindigenouschildren. At the national level and in urban areasthe prevalences were three times greater and in rural areas~2 times greater (p<0.05). No differences were found inthe prevalence of wasting (p>0.05). The prevalence of anemiain indigenous children was one third greater than innon-indigenous children at the national level (p<0.05) andwas between 30 and 60% greater in urban areas and in theregions studied (p<0.05) but was not statistically significant(p>0.05) in rural areas. These differences were reduced toabout half when adjusting for SES but remained significantly higher in indigenous children (p<0.05). Conclusions. Indigenouschildren have higher probabilities of stunting and underweightthan non-indigenous children. The differences arelarger in urban areas and in higher socioeconomic geographicregions and are explained mostly by socioeconomic factors.The overall difference in the probability of anemia is small,is higher only in urban relative to rural areas, and is explainedto a lesser degree by socioeconomic factors. Policy andprograms should be designed and implemented to reducethe dramatic differences in nutritional status between indigenousand non-indigenous children in Mexico. TheEnglish version of this paper is available too at: http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html 2003 artículo científico 0036-3634 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=10609803 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=106 Salud Pública de México application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública Salud Pública de México (México) Num.Su4 Vol.45
format Artículo científico
id redalyc_10609803
institution Redalyc
language en
publishDate 2003
publisher Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
spellingShingle Nutritional status of indigenous children younger than five years of age in Mexico: Results of a National Probabilistic Survey
Juan A. Rivera
Salud
anemia
Mexico
wasting
stunting
undernutrition
Nutritional status of indigenous children younger than five years of age in Mexico: Results of a National Probabilistic Survey Juan A. Rivera Eric A. Monterrubio Teresa González Raquel García Armando García Jaime Sepúlveda Salud anemia Mexico wasting stunting undernutrition Objective. To compare the prevalence of undernutritionand anemia in indigenous and non-indigenous children <5years of age at the national level, by region and by urban andrural areas, and to evaluate the degree to which the socioeconomiccondition of the family predicts the differences.Material and Methods. A national probabilistic survey wasconducted in Mexico in 1999. Indigenous families were identifiedas those in which at least one woman 12-49 years ofage in the household spoke a native language. The prevalenceof undernutrition (stunting, wasting and underweight)and anemia was compared between indigenous and nonindigenouschildren. Probability ratios (PR) were used tocompare prevalences in indigenous and non-indigenous childrenadjusting for socioeconomic status (SES) of the familyand for other covariates. Results. The prevalences of stuntingand underweight were greater in indigenous than in nonindigenouschildren. At the national level and in urban areasthe prevalences were three times greater and in rural areas~2 times greater (p<0.05). No differences were found inthe prevalence of wasting (p>0.05). The prevalence of anemiain indigenous children was one third greater than innon-indigenous children at the national level (p<0.05) andwas between 30 and 60% greater in urban areas and in theregions studied (p<0.05) but was not statistically significant(p>0.05) in rural areas. These differences were reduced toabout half when adjusting for SES but remained significantly higher in indigenous children (p<0.05). Conclusions. Indigenouschildren have higher probabilities of stunting and underweightthan non-indigenous children. The differences arelarger in urban areas and in higher socioeconomic geographicregions and are explained mostly by socioeconomic factors.The overall difference in the probability of anemia is small,is higher only in urban relative to rural areas, and is explainedto a lesser degree by socioeconomic factors. Policy andprograms should be designed and implemented to reducethe dramatic differences in nutritional status between indigenousand non-indigenous children in Mexico. TheEnglish version of this paper is available too at: http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html 2003 artículo científico 0036-3634 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=10609803 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=106 Salud Pública de México application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública Salud Pública de México (México) Num.Su4 Vol.45
title Nutritional status of indigenous children younger than five years of age in Mexico: Results of a National Probabilistic Survey
topic Salud
anemia
Mexico
wasting
stunting
undernutrition
url https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=10609803