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Main Author:	Emily Faye White
Format:	Artículo científico
Language:	en
Published:	Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública 2007
Subjects:	Salud Mexico needle sharing Hepatitis C virus injection drug use human immunodeficiency virus
Online Access:	https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=10649301
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Prevalence of hepatitis C virus and HIV infection among injection drug users in two Mexican cities bordering the U.S. Emily Faye White Richard S. Garfein Kimberly C. Brouwer Remedios Lozada Michelle Firestone-Cruz Saida G. Pérez Carlos J. Conde-Glez Steffanie A. Strathdee Rebeca Ramos Carlos Magis-Rodríguez Salud Mexico needle sharing Hepatitis C virus injection drug use human immunodeficiency virus Objective. To estimate the prevalence of the hepatitis Cvirus (HCV) and HIV infection and associated risk behaviorsamong injection drug users (IDUs) in two northern Mexicancities. Material and Methods. Between February and April2005, IDUs were recruited in Tijuana (N=222) and CiudadJuarez (N=206) using respondent-driven sampling (RDS), achain referral sampling approach. Interviewer-administeredquestionnaires assessed drug-using behaviors during the priorsix months. Venous blood was collected for immunoassays todetect HIV and HCV antibodies. For HIV, Western blot orimmunofluorescence assay was used for confirmatory testing.Final HCV antibody prevalence was estimated using RDSadjustments. Results. Overall, HCV and HIV prevalence was96.0% and 2.8%, respectively, and was similar in both cities.Most IDUs (87.5%) reported passing on their used injectionequipment to others, and 85.9% had received used equipmentfrom others. Conclusions. HIV prevalence was relatively highgiven the prevalence of HIV in the general population, andHCV prevalence was extremely high among IDUs in Tijuanaand Ciudad Juarez. Frequent sharing practices indicate a highpotential for continued transmission for both infections. HCV counseling and testing for IDUs in Mexico and interventionsto reduce sharing of injection equipment are needed. 2007 artículo científico 0036-3634 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=10649301 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=106 Salud Pública de México application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública Salud Pública de México (México) Num.3 Vol.49

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// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

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