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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
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Sociedad Latinoamericana de Hipertensión
2019
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| Online Access: | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=170262862012 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/1702/170262862012/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/1702/170262862012/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/1702/170262862012/170262862012.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/1702/170262862012/movil |
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Table of Contents:
- Role of sigmoidoscopy in the diagnosis of lower GIT bleeding Abdul Hussian Summer Saad Medicina proctoscopy colonoscopy sigmoidoscopy Lower Gastrointestinal tract bleeding Background: Diseases of the lower gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are more common worldwide. Proper diagnosis prior to surgical or prolonged medical intervention is essential. Colonscopy and sigmoidoscopy are the main tools to reach this goal.Aims: This article aims to assess the role of sigmoidoscopy in the identification of the etiology of lower GIT bleeding (with or without diarrhea) before GIT surgery or long-term medication. It compares the findings with proctoscopic examination combined with per-rectal examination and sigmoidoscopy that followed by elective colonoscopy. It is performed when no pathology is identified by the above two approaches.Materialand methods: This prospective descriptive study was carried out on patients attended the Gastrointestinal and Hepatology center at Azadi Teaching hospital/Kirkuk during the period from March 2011 to February 2014 (35 months). Six hundred cases presented with mild to moderate lower GIT bleeding with or with-out chronic diarrhea. The patients underwent examination by proctoscope and per-rectal examination followed by sigmoidoscopy. Then, extended to total colonoscopy and compare the sensitivity of each case.Results: This study was carried out on 600 patients comprised of 389 (65%) males and 211 (35%) females between 10 and 80 years of age. The cases were divided into two groups according to the mode of presentation as follows: 1) A group of 318 patients presented with bleeding per-rectum (called as a 1st group); while the rest (i.e. 282 cases) are presented with chronic diarrhea with lower GIT bleeding (named as a 2nd group). The findings showed that the causes of bleeding according to sigmoidoscopy in the 1st group are as follows: 111 (35%) patients had hemorrhoid, 67 (21%) had polyps, 54 (17%) with tumor and proctitis in 38 (12%). Additionally, 16 (5%) had a solitary rectal ulcer, and other pathologies were found 32 patients (10%). On the other hand, in the 2nd group (chronic diarrhea with blood) hemorrhoid was seen in 60 (21%), colitis in 166 (59%), familiar adenomatous polyps found in 6 (2%) patients, 2 (0.7%) patients had the peutz-jeghers syndrome. Furthermore, other lesions were polyps with 7 (2.5%) patients, but 41 (17%) patients cannot detect the pathology. In the 1st group, the Sensitivity of sigmoidoscopy compared to proctoscopy was 91%, 66%, respectively. Finally, in both groups, the sigmoidoscopy sensitivity in compare with proctoscope was 87% and 59%, respectively; while the colonoscopy sensitivity was 100% and 99%, respectively.Conclusion: Sigmoidoscopy is necessary for the diagnosis of lower GIT bleeding in spite of age group before any anal surgery. Furthermore, elective colonoscopy can diagnose more pathologies. 2019 artículo científico 1856-4550 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=170262862012 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/1702/170262862012/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/1702/170262862012/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/1702/170262862012/170262862012.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/1702/170262862012/movil en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=1702 Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertensión application/pdf Sociedad Latinoamericana de Hipertensión Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertensión (República Bolivariana de Venezuela) Num.6 Vol.14