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Main Author:	Andrea Pérez
Format:	Artículo científico
Language:	es
Published:	Universidad del Valle 2008
Subjects:	Ingeniería Alcalinidad Indice tampón Almidon de yuca Aguas residuales Extracción de almidón
Online Access:	https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=291323482002
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Indices de alcalinidad para el control del tratamiento anaerobio de aguas residuales fácilmente acidificables Andrea Pérez Patricia Torres Ingeniería Alcalinidad Indice tampón Almidon de yuca Aguas residuales Extracción de almidón La eficiencia del tratamiento anaerobio está determinada por varios factores ambientales, entre los cuales el pH y la alcalinidad son de gran importancia. El arranque de un filtro anaerobio a escala real, utilizado para el tratamiento de las aguas residuales del proceso de extracción de almidón de yuca, mostró la importancia de los índices de alcalinidad (índice tampón, índice AI / AP e índice ) para el control del proceso. La estrategia de arranque, que comprendió cinco etapas, consistió en la disminución del tiempo de retención hidráulico a medida que el reactor respondía favorablemente en términos de las eficiencias de reducción de DQO y el comportamiento de los índices de alcalinidad. Debido a la acidez de las aguas residuales, fue necesario su acondicionamiento previo con bicarbonato de sodio. Se encontró que, en condiciones estables, el índice tampón variaba entre 0.20 y 0.35, el índice AI / AP entre 0.40y 0.55 y el índice ¿ era superior a 0.65. Adicionalmente, se observó que la eficiencia de reducción de DQO estuvo estrechamente relacionada con la variación en los índices. Debido a la simplicidad asociada al cálculo de los índices, se recomienda su uso para el control del proceso anaerobio, verificando el rango de aplicabilidad de los índices para cada tipo de agua residual. 2008 artículo científico 0123-3033 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=291323482002 es http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=2913 Ingeniería y Competitividad application/pdf Universidad del Valle Ingeniería y Competitividad (Colombia) Num.2 Vol.10

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

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