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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Miriam Sonlleva Velasco
Format:	Artículo científico
Language:	es
Published:	Associação Sul-Rio-Grandense de Pesquisadores em História da Educação 2019
Subjects:	Educación memoria infancia oralidad franquismo Disciplina escolar
Online Access:	https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=321660471049
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GOLPES Y BRAZOS EN CRUZ: EL CASTIGO ESCOLAR EN LA ESCUELA PÚBLICA FRANQUISTA (1938-1951) Miriam Sonlleva Velasco Educación memoria infancia oralidad franquismo Disciplina escolar La disciplina escolar es uno de los fenómenos más presentes en la historia de la educación. La investigación que presentamos trata de conocer cómo fue vivida esta disciplina en las escuelas públicas franquistas. Para ello utilizamos el método biográfico-narrativo, asentado en cuatro relatos de vida de dos hombres y dos mujeres, que vivieron su escolaridad en España entre 1938 y 1951. Sus testimonios revelan cómo el maestro se presentó como la figura clave para el adoctrinamiento de los menores y sus actuaciones fueron respaldadas por las familias, la Iglesia y el Estado. Los castigos tanto físicos como psicológicos que sufrieron los escolares condicionaron su vida adulta y permanecen intactos en su memoria, dando muestras de cómo la educación autoritaria influye negativamente en las biografías de todas aquellas personas que la sufrieron durante su infancia. 2019 artículo científico 1414-3518 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=321660471049 10.1590/2236-3459/87583 es http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=3216 Revista História da Educação application/pdf Associação Sul-Rio-Grandense de Pesquisadores em História da Educação Revista História da Educação (Brasil) Vol.23

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

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