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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Sprache: | en |
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Academia Brasileira de Ciências
2001
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| Online-Zugang: | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=32773307 |
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- Genome engineering via homologous recombination in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells: an amazingly versatile tool for the study of mammalian biology Charles Babinet Michel Cohen-Tannoudji Multidisciplinaria (Ciencias Naturales y Exactas) knock genome out mice gene targeting conditional mutations The ability to introduce genetic modifications in the germ line of complex organisms has been a long-standinggoal of those who study developmental biology. In this regard, the mouse, a favorite model for the study of themammals, is unique: indeed not only is it possible since the late seventies, to add genes to the mouse genomelike in several other complex organisms but also to perform gene replacement and modification. This hasbeen made possible via two technological breakthroughs: 1) the isolation and culture of embryonic stem cells(ES), which have the unique ability to colonize all the tissues of an host embryo including its germ line; 2)the development of methods allowing homologous recombination between an incoming DNA and its cognatechromosomal sequence (gene targeting). As a result, it has become possible to create mice bearing nullmutations in any cloned gene (knock-out mice). Such a possibility has revolutionized the genetic approach ofalmost all aspects of the biology of the mouse. In recent years, the scope of gene targeting has been widenedeven more, due to the refinement of the knock-out technology: other types of genetic modifications may nowbe created, including subtle mutations (point mutations, micro deletions or insertions, etc.) and chromosomalrearrangements such as large deletions, duplications and translocations. Finally, methods have been devisedwhich permit the creation of conditional mutations, allowing the study of gene function throughout the lifeof an animal, when gene inactivation entails embryonic lethality. In this paper, we present an overview ofthe methods and scenarios used for the programmed modification of mouse genome, and we underline theirenormous interest for the study of mammalian biology. 2001 artículo científico 0001-3765 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=32773307 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=327 Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências application/pdf Academia Brasileira de Ciências Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Brasil) Num.3 Vol.73