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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Elisa Giaconi
Format:	Artículo científico
Language:	es
Published:	Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México 2021
Subjects:	Medicina psicometría control de calidad Medición educacional preguntas de exámenes formación médica de pregrado
Online Access:	https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=349770251007 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/3497/349770251007/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/3497/349770251007/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/3497/349770251007/349770251007.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/3497/349770251007/movil
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Análisis de pruebas de opción múltiple en carreras de la salud de la Universidad Mayor Elisa Giaconi María Elisa Bazán Manuel Castillo Amelia Hurtado Héctor Rojas Valentina Giaconi Ernesto Guiraldes Medicina psicometría control de calidad Medición educacional preguntas de exámenes formación médica de pregrado Introducción: La Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Mayor utiliza regularmente pruebas de opción múltiple (POM) en la evaluación del aprendizaje en estudiantes de pregrado. Desde hace 10 años estas pruebas son corregidas con sistemas automáticos; esto permitió generar un diagnóstico global de las POM utilizadas. Objetivo: Analizar el índice de dificultad, el de discriminación, el coeficiente de fiabilidad y los distractores de las POM aplicadas en las distintas carreras de la salud y corregidas de manera automatizada y centralizada en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Mayor, en el periodo 2013-2017. Método: Para este estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, no experimental, transversal y retrospectivo, de 2,640 pruebas corregidas por lector óptico, aplicadas por 7 carreras de la salud, se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 337 por muestreo probabilístico estratificado con selección sistemática. Se estimaron indicadores psicométricos en el marco de la Teoría Clásica de Test y se utilizó el test de ANOVA para la comparación entre carreras. Resultados: Los índices de dificultad, de discriminación y el coeficiente de fiabilidad presentan promedios de 68%, 0.23 y 0.50 respectivamente. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre carreras en los índices de dificultad y discriminación. En relación a los distractores, en promedio, 1.51 distractores son funcionales (1.52 para preguntas de cuatro alternativas, y 1.49 para preguntas de cinco alternativas). Conclusiones: Los resultados develan situaciones críticas en evaluación de los aprendizajes, que demandan profundizar la reflexión de directivos y docentes de las distintas carreras para asegurar la validez y calidad de las POM. 2021 artículo científico 2007-865X https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=349770251007 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/3497/349770251007/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/3497/349770251007/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/3497/349770251007/349770251007.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/3497/349770251007/movil 10.22201/fm.20075057e.2021.40.21365 es http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=3497 Investigación en Educación Médica application/pdf Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Investigación en Educación Médica (México) Num.40 Vol.10

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