Problems in the regulation of carcinogenic chemicals in an international perspective III. Criticai assessment of regulatory approaches
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| Formato: | Artículo científico |
| Lenguaje: | en |
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Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
1994
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| _version_ | 1876437737947529216 |
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| author | Robert Nilsson |
| author_facet | Robert Nilsson |
| contents | Problems in the regulation of carcinogenic chemicals in an international perspective III. Criticai assessment of regulatory approaches Robert Nilsson Ciencias de la Tierra The real or perceived risk for cancer caused by man-made chemicals has had a major impacton over-al1 risk assessment as well as on risk management. Unfortunately, there is alack of consensus on the intemational leve1 with respect to the choice of appropriate methodologyfor quantitative risk assessment of carcinogens for regulatory purposes. In thisarticle the approaches used in different countries are critically reviewed, both withrespect to hazard labeling of chemical products as well as regarding risk assessment ofemissions to the environment from point sources. The rnain difference between on onehand U.S. and the Nordic countries, and on the other the countries of the EuropeanUnion (EU) and Canada, is that the responsible government agencies in the last mentionedgroup of nations take mechanistic considerations as well as type of tumor intoaccount when extrapolating the findings from experimental animals to man. U.S. andthe Nordic countries have used a more generalized, or generic approach, which is complementedby a quantitative estimation of risk.In risk management there is a need for simplified approaches for the purpose ofscreening large numbers of chemicals, as well as methodologies which aim at an indepthanalysis of single compounds. The complexities involved in applying quantitative cancerrisk assessment to complex mixtures is illustrated by its practica] use for assessing abandonedsites for deposition of hazardous chemical waste.In setting rational priorities for risk reduction, the irnportance of making relevant riskriskcomparisons is underlined. This is illustrated by citing some examples of overreactionto negligible cancer risks from chemicals. The dificulties in bridging the informationgap between countries, as well as the special problems associated with the export ofcarcinogenic chemicals to developing countries are briefly discussed. 1994 artículo científico 0188-4999 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=37010206 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=370 Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental application/pdf Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental (México) Num.2 Vol.10 |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | redalyc_37010206 |
| institution | Redalyc |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 1994 |
| publisher | Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México |
| spellingShingle | Problems in the regulation of carcinogenic chemicals in an international perspective III. Criticai assessment of regulatory approaches Robert Nilsson Ciencias de la Tierra Problems in the regulation of carcinogenic chemicals in an international perspective III. Criticai assessment of regulatory approaches Robert Nilsson Ciencias de la Tierra The real or perceived risk for cancer caused by man-made chemicals has had a major impacton over-al1 risk assessment as well as on risk management. Unfortunately, there is alack of consensus on the intemational leve1 with respect to the choice of appropriate methodologyfor quantitative risk assessment of carcinogens for regulatory purposes. In thisarticle the approaches used in different countries are critically reviewed, both withrespect to hazard labeling of chemical products as well as regarding risk assessment ofemissions to the environment from point sources. The rnain difference between on onehand U.S. and the Nordic countries, and on the other the countries of the EuropeanUnion (EU) and Canada, is that the responsible government agencies in the last mentionedgroup of nations take mechanistic considerations as well as type of tumor intoaccount when extrapolating the findings from experimental animals to man. U.S. andthe Nordic countries have used a more generalized, or generic approach, which is complementedby a quantitative estimation of risk.In risk management there is a need for simplified approaches for the purpose ofscreening large numbers of chemicals, as well as methodologies which aim at an indepthanalysis of single compounds. The complexities involved in applying quantitative cancerrisk assessment to complex mixtures is illustrated by its practica] use for assessing abandonedsites for deposition of hazardous chemical waste.In setting rational priorities for risk reduction, the irnportance of making relevant riskriskcomparisons is underlined. This is illustrated by citing some examples of overreactionto negligible cancer risks from chemicals. The dificulties in bridging the informationgap between countries, as well as the special problems associated with the export ofcarcinogenic chemicals to developing countries are briefly discussed. 1994 artículo científico 0188-4999 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=37010206 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=370 Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental application/pdf Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental (México) Num.2 Vol.10 |
| title | Problems in the regulation of carcinogenic chemicals in an international perspective III. Criticai assessment of regulatory approaches |
| topic | Ciencias de la Tierra |
| url | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=37010206 |