Five Decades of the Puerto Rican Music Scene in Chicago: A Personal Recollection

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Carlos Flores
Format:	Artículo científico
Language:	en
Published:	The City University of New York 2004
Subjects:	Sociología music place dance Chicago Latin music
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

_version_	1866584783024291840
author	Carlos Flores
author_facet	Carlos Flores
contents	Five Decades of the Puerto Rican Music Scene in Chicago: A Personal Recollection Carlos Flores Sociología music place dance Chicago Latin music This essay documents the development and historyof Puerto Rican music, places and musicians inChicago. It highlights the musical relationshipsbetween Puerto Ricans and other groups, and thelocations where such relationships took place. 2004 artículo científico 1538-6279 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=37716111 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=377 Centro Journal application/pdf The City University of New York Centro Journal (Estados Unidos de América) Num.1 Vol.XVI
format	Artículo científico
id	redalyc_37716111
language	en
publishDate	2004
publisher	The City University of New York
spellingShingle	Five Decades of the Puerto Rican Music Scene in Chicago: A Personal Recollection Carlos Flores Sociología music place dance Chicago Latin music Five Decades of the Puerto Rican Music Scene in Chicago: A Personal Recollection Carlos Flores Sociología music place dance Chicago Latin music This essay documents the development and historyof Puerto Rican music, places and musicians inChicago. It highlights the musical relationshipsbetween Puerto Ricans and other groups, and thelocations where such relationships took place. 2004 artículo científico 1538-6279 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=37716111 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=377 Centro Journal application/pdf The City University of New York Centro Journal (Estados Unidos de América) Num.1 Vol.XVI
title	Five Decades of the Puerto Rican Music Scene in Chicago: A Personal Recollection
topic	Sociología music place dance Chicago Latin music
url	https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=37716111

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

Environment & details:

GET Data empty

POST Data empty

Files empty

Key	Value
ui	"standard"
VUFIND_SESSION	"8c7ae237a9d4cf04233b2c5195dbb25e"
language	"en"

Session

Key	Value
__Laminas	array:2 [`"_REQUEST_ACCESS_TIME" => 1789291788.2592 "_VALID" => array:1 [ "Laminas\Session\Validator\Id" => "8c7ae237a9d4cf04233b2c5195dbb25e" ]`]
SessionState	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#938}
FlashMessenger	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1455}
SessionHelper	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1785}

Server/Request Data

Key	Value
REDIRECT_VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
REDIRECT_HTTPS	"on"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
REDIRECT_STATUS	"200"
VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
HTTPS	"on"
SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
HTTP_ACCEPT	"/"
HTTP_USER_AGENT	"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
HTTP_COOKIE	"ui=standard; VUFIND_SESSION=8c7ae237a9d4cf04233b2c5195dbb25e; language=en"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING	"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_HOST	"info.umar.mx"
PATH	"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/snap/bin"
SERVER_SIGNATURE	"<address>Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu) Server at info.umar.mx Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE	"Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu)"
SERVER_NAME	"info.umar.mx"
SERVER_ADDR	"200.23.222.19"
SERVER_PORT	"443"
REMOTE_ADDR	"216.73.216.61"
DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
REQUEST_SCHEME	"https"
CONTEXT_PREFIX	""
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
SERVER_ADMIN	"admin@localhost"
SCRIPT_FILENAME	"/usr/local/vufind/public/index.php"
REMOTE_PORT	"11236"
REDIRECT_URL	"/Record/redalyc_37716111/Details"
GATEWAY_INTERFACE	"CGI/1.1"
SERVER_PROTOCOL	"HTTP/1.1"
REQUEST_METHOD	"GET"
QUERY_STRING	""
REQUEST_URI	"/Record/redalyc_37716111/Details"
SCRIPT_NAME	"/index.php"
PHP_SELF	"/index.php"
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT	1789291788.2546
REQUEST_TIME	1789291788

Environment Variables empty

Registered Handlers

0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler

Environment & details:

GET Data empty

POST Data empty

Files empty

Key	Value
ui	"standard"
VUFIND_SESSION	"8c7ae237a9d4cf04233b2c5195dbb25e"
language	"en"

Session

Key	Value
__Laminas	array:2 [`"_REQUEST_ACCESS_TIME" => 1789291788.2592 "_VALID" => array:1 [ "Laminas\Session\Validator\Id" => "8c7ae237a9d4cf04233b2c5195dbb25e" ]`]
SessionState	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#938}
FlashMessenger	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1455}
SessionHelper	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1785}

Server/Request Data

Key	Value
REDIRECT_VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
REDIRECT_HTTPS	"on"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
REDIRECT_STATUS	"200"
VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
HTTPS	"on"
SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
HTTP_ACCEPT	"/"
HTTP_USER_AGENT	"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
HTTP_COOKIE	"ui=standard; VUFIND_SESSION=8c7ae237a9d4cf04233b2c5195dbb25e; language=en"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING	"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_HOST	"info.umar.mx"
PATH	"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/snap/bin"
SERVER_SIGNATURE	"<address>Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu) Server at info.umar.mx Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE	"Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu)"
SERVER_NAME	"info.umar.mx"
SERVER_ADDR	"200.23.222.19"
SERVER_PORT	"443"
REMOTE_ADDR	"216.73.216.61"
DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
REQUEST_SCHEME	"https"
CONTEXT_PREFIX	""
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
SERVER_ADMIN	"admin@localhost"
SCRIPT_FILENAME	"/usr/local/vufind/public/index.php"
REMOTE_PORT	"11236"
REDIRECT_URL	"/Record/redalyc_37716111/Details"
GATEWAY_INTERFACE	"CGI/1.1"
SERVER_PROTOCOL	"HTTP/1.1"
REQUEST_METHOD	"GET"
QUERY_STRING	""
REQUEST_URI	"/Record/redalyc_37716111/Details"
SCRIPT_NAME	"/index.php"
PHP_SELF	"/index.php"
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT	1789291788.2546
REQUEST_TIME	1789291788

Environment Variables empty

Registered Handlers

0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler

Similar Items

Environment & details:

Environment & details: