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Autore principale:	Ventsislav Statev Statev
Natura:	Artículo científico
Lingua:	en
Pubblicazione:	Universidade do Algarve 2011
Soggetti:	Estudios de Turismo Cluster Bulgaria Added Value Alternative in Tourism Institutional S ubjects
Accesso online:	https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=388743867023
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Sommario:

THE ADDED VALUE FORMED BY THE ALTERNATIVE IN TOURISM Ventsislav Statev Statev Estudios de Turismo Cluster Bulgaria Added Value Alternative in Tourism Institutional S ubjects The tourist clusters in Bulgaria do not enjoy considerable success. The status of the alternative in tourism has not reached the desired level. Often do the interested in tourism parties in Bulgaria regard the quantity of the added value, formed by the traditional / mass / types and forms of tourism, as equal to the one, formed by the alternative types and forms of tourism /ATFT/. The insignificant income, realized by the supply of newly - introduced alternative types and forms in tourism, tends to di scourage the few eager to risk investors. Supply is not effectively supported by the actions of the ‘ state power’ sector. Scientists in Bulgaria argue about the uncertain and controversial issues regarding the essence of the alternative types and forms of tourism /ATFT/. The question ‘Who forms the added value in this segment and through what means?’ needs to get an answer so as the conception, regarding the future development of the alternative in tourism in Bulgaria, to be reconsidered. Thus the present article introduces the results and systematizes the conclusions from the 2 - year work on the scientific project of St Cyril and Methodius University of Veliko Turnovo. The article clarifies the concept system and introduces the criteria for the distinction of the newly - introduced from the already established ATFT. The resources, being factors for the development of ATFT in the tourist cluster of Smolyan, as well as the subjects and the mechanism for the formation of the added value in the examined cluster, a re identified. Lack of cluster coherence in the region has been registered and final conclusions have been drawn. Common scientific methods have been applied in the article. 2011 artículo científico 2182-8458 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=388743867023 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=3887 Tourism & Management Studies application/pdf Universidade do Algarve Tourism & Management Studies (Portugal) Vol.1

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

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