AN ECOLOGICALLY BASED APPROACH TO OAK SILVICULTURE: A SYNTHESIS OF 50 YEARS OF OAK ECOSYSTEM RESEARCH IN NORTH AMERICA
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| Formato: | Artículo científico |
| Lenguaje: | en |
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Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas
2010
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| _version_ | 1876448718501183488 |
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| author | Daniel C. Dey |
| author_facet | Daniel C. Dey |
| contents | AN ECOLOGICALLY BASED APPROACH TO OAK SILVICULTURE: A SYNTHESIS OF 50 YEARS OF OAK ECOSYSTEM RESEARCH IN NORTH AMERICA Daniel C. Dey Alejandro A. Royo Patrick H. Brose Todd F. Hutchinson Martin A. Spetich Scott H. Stoleson Agrociencias oak Ecology Quercus regeneration silviculture Oak ( Quercus L.) is an abundant and widely dis- tributed genus in eastern North America. A history of periodic ire, grazing, canopy disturbance and timber harvesting has favored oak’s dominance. But, changes in this regime toward much less ire or complete ire suppression, and selective cutting are causing the successional replacement of oak. High populations of forest herbivores such as white- tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ), invasive spe- cies such as gypsy moth ( Lymantria dispar ), or dominance of native lora such as mountain laurel ( Kalmia latifolia ) can also inhibit oak regeneration and add to its loss within a region. Successful oak regeneration is dependent on hav- ing an adequate number of large oak advance re- production before stand regeneration. However, this prerequisite is often lacking in eastern oak for- ests. Many oak stands have either few or no oak advance reproduction, and when present, it is small and noncompetitive. These common situations can be addressed through silviculture. The lack of oak seedlings in older, mature stands is addressed with a three-stage shelterwood method that promotes acorn production and site prepara- tory burning that increases acorn germination suc- cess. In younger, i.e., sapling and pole stands, crop tree thinning to release co-dominant oaks promotes crown development and future acorn production. The lack of competitive-sized oak reproduction is addressed with a two -or three - stage shelterwood sequence because this method is very useful for pro - viding adequate light to foster root development of the shade intolerant oak seedlings. Application of the shelterwood method often includes herbicides or prescribed ire to control competing vegetation ei- ther before or after the inal overstory removal. When adequate oak advance reproduction is present, then clearcutting is a viable option, but measures may be needed after harvesting to control competing vegetation. Prescribed ire applied several times af - ter inal removal of the shelterwood, or clearcuttin g is proving a useful tool to favor oak. These silvic ul- tural practices generally have either no or positive impacts on non-target communities of herbaceous plants, mammals, birds, and herpetofauna. 2010 artículo científico 0120-0739 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=423939615001 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=4239 Colombia Forestal application/pdf Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas Colombia Forestal (Colombia) Num.2 Vol.13 |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | redalyc_423939615001 |
| institution | Redalyc |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publisher | Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas |
| spellingShingle | AN ECOLOGICALLY BASED APPROACH TO OAK SILVICULTURE: A SYNTHESIS OF 50 YEARS OF OAK ECOSYSTEM RESEARCH IN NORTH AMERICA Daniel C. Dey Agrociencias oak Ecology Quercus regeneration silviculture AN ECOLOGICALLY BASED APPROACH TO OAK SILVICULTURE: A SYNTHESIS OF 50 YEARS OF OAK ECOSYSTEM RESEARCH IN NORTH AMERICA Daniel C. Dey Alejandro A. Royo Patrick H. Brose Todd F. Hutchinson Martin A. Spetich Scott H. Stoleson Agrociencias oak Ecology Quercus regeneration silviculture Oak ( Quercus L.) is an abundant and widely dis- tributed genus in eastern North America. A history of periodic ire, grazing, canopy disturbance and timber harvesting has favored oak’s dominance. But, changes in this regime toward much less ire or complete ire suppression, and selective cutting are causing the successional replacement of oak. High populations of forest herbivores such as white- tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ), invasive spe- cies such as gypsy moth ( Lymantria dispar ), or dominance of native lora such as mountain laurel ( Kalmia latifolia ) can also inhibit oak regeneration and add to its loss within a region. Successful oak regeneration is dependent on hav- ing an adequate number of large oak advance re- production before stand regeneration. However, this prerequisite is often lacking in eastern oak for- ests. Many oak stands have either few or no oak advance reproduction, and when present, it is small and noncompetitive. These common situations can be addressed through silviculture. The lack of oak seedlings in older, mature stands is addressed with a three-stage shelterwood method that promotes acorn production and site prepara- tory burning that increases acorn germination suc- cess. In younger, i.e., sapling and pole stands, crop tree thinning to release co-dominant oaks promotes crown development and future acorn production. The lack of competitive-sized oak reproduction is addressed with a two -or three - stage shelterwood sequence because this method is very useful for pro - viding adequate light to foster root development of the shade intolerant oak seedlings. Application of the shelterwood method often includes herbicides or prescribed ire to control competing vegetation ei- ther before or after the inal overstory removal. When adequate oak advance reproduction is present, then clearcutting is a viable option, but measures may be needed after harvesting to control competing vegetation. Prescribed ire applied several times af - ter inal removal of the shelterwood, or clearcuttin g is proving a useful tool to favor oak. These silvic ul- tural practices generally have either no or positive impacts on non-target communities of herbaceous plants, mammals, birds, and herpetofauna. 2010 artículo científico 0120-0739 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=423939615001 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=4239 Colombia Forestal application/pdf Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas Colombia Forestal (Colombia) Num.2 Vol.13 |
| title | AN ECOLOGICALLY BASED APPROACH TO OAK SILVICULTURE: A SYNTHESIS OF 50 YEARS OF OAK ECOSYSTEM RESEARCH IN NORTH AMERICA |
| topic | Agrociencias oak Ecology Quercus regeneration silviculture |
| url | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=423939615001 |