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Main Author:	Alejandro Saborío-Montero
Format:	Artículo científico
Language:	es
Published:	Universidad de Costa Rica 2013
Subjects:	Agrociencias cetosis ácido β Vacas lecheras hidroxibutírico condición corporal
Online Access:	https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=43630132002
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Prevalencia y factores DE RIESGO relacionados con la cetosis clínica y subclínica tipo I y II en un hato de vacas Jersey en Costa Rica Alejandro Saborío-Montero Jorge Ml. Sánchez Agrociencias cetosis ácido β Vacas lecheras hidroxibutírico condición corporal El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la prevalencia y grado de cetosis tipo I y tipo II e investigar los factores de riesgo asociados con esta enfermedad metabólica, en un hato Jersey de 203 vacas en Oreamuno, Cartago, Costa Rica (9° 55' Latitud Norte, 83° 51' Longitud Oeste, 2350 m de altitud), para proponer prácticas de manejo y alimentación que contribuyan a reducir la incidencia de este desbalance metabólico. La prevalencia de cetosis tipo II y tipo I fue determinada midiendo la concentración sanguínea del ácido β-hidroxibutírico (βHBA) a los 8±3 y 30±3 días de lactancia en 117 y 114 animales, respectivamente. La cetosis clínica tipo II no fue detectada y 4,27% de las vacas tuvieron cetosis subclínica (1,4 a 2,9 mmol.l-1) de este tipo. Los porcentajes de vacas con cetosis clínica (>2,9 mmol.l-1) y subclínica tipo I fueron 3,51 y 9,65 respectivamente. Durante la última semana de gestación, la pérdida de condición corporal difirió (p<0,05) para vacas sanas y cetóticas tipo I y fue de 0,09 y 0,31 puntos, respectivamente. Las vacas con cetosis tipo I fueron de mayor (p<0,01) número de partos, duración del período seco más extensa (p<0,05) y mayor pico de lactancia (p<0,01), que las vacas sanas. Los resultados sugieren que calificar la condición corporal durante la última semana de gestación podría ser útil para predecir el riesgo de los animales a desarrollar cetosis tipo I. Basados en estos resultados, el manejo para evitar periodos secos mayores de 60 días ayudaría a reducir la incidencia de cetosis. Además, la alimentación y manejo de las vacas multíparas y vacas de mayor producción, conducente a reducir la pérdida de condición corporal post parto, también podrían reducir la incidencia de los diferentes tipos de cetosis. 2013 artículo científico 0377-9424 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=43630132002 es http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=436 Agronomía Costarricense application/pdf Universidad de Costa Rica Agronomía Costarricense (Costa Rica) Num.2 Vol.37

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