Excess Weight and Adiposity in Children and Adolescents in Havana, Cuba: Prevalence and Trends, 1972 to 2005
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| Natura: | Artículo científico |
| Lingua: | en |
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Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba
2010
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| _version_ | 1876476418817261568 |
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| author | Mercedes Esquivel |
| author_facet | Mercedes Esquivel |
| contents | Excess Weight and Adiposity in Children and Adolescents in Havana, Cuba: Prevalence and Trends, 1972 to 2005 Mercedes Esquivel Ciro González Medicina child child obesity obesity adiposity IntroductionRising prevalence of excess weight in children and ado-lescents is a serious public health problem in both developed anddeveloping countries, associated with a growing burden of chronicnon-communicable diseases in youth and adults. In Cuba, population-based growth and development surveys have been conducted sincethe 1970s, the latest in 2005.ObjectiveEstimate prevalence of overweight, obesity and high adi-posity in children and adolescents aged ≤19 years in Havana, Cuba,in 1972, 1993 and 2005, and describe secular trends in these condi-tions in the periods observed.MethodsA retrospective, descriptive study examined data from growthand development surveys conducted in Havana in 1972, 1993 and2005, which obtained Body Mass Index (BMI) and left mid-arm fat area(MAFA) in the population aged ≤19 years using probabilistic samplingand comparable methods of anthropometric measurement and dataverification, processing and analysis. Age- and sex-specific percentileswere used as cutoff points for diagnosing overweight, obesity and highadiposity in 3 age groups (early childhood: <5 years; childhood: 5–9years; and adolescence: 10–19 years). Descriptive statistics were usedto calculate prevalence, expressed as a percentage of the populationsurveyed in each nutritional status category, by sex, age group andsurvey year. Trends were established by comparing prevalence in 3 pe-riods: 1972–1993, 1993–2005 and 1972–2005. Statistical significanceof the percentage differences between survey years in each period wascalculated using 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsPrevalence of excess weight (overweight + obesity) in thestudy population was 15.3% in 1972, 9.6% in 1993, and 16.4% in 2005,and was more frequent in males but varied by age group and surveyyear. Prevalence of high adiposity decreased from 13.3% in 1972 to12.7% in 1993, increasing significantly to 28.8% in 2005. High adipositywas more frequent in males and decreased as age increased, exceptin children aged <5 years, who had lowest adiposity in 1972. Whileexcess weight predominated over high adiposity in 1972 (15.3% and13.3%, respectively), this relationship was reversed in 1993 (9.6% ex-cess weight vs 12.7% high adiposity) and continued as a growing trendin 2005 (16.4% excess weight vs 28.8% high adiposity).ConclusionsPrevalence of excess weight and high adiposity gen-erally declined during economic crisis and scarcity, and rose as theeconomy improved. Continued monitoring is required to detect sus-tained or rising prevalence of these conditions and to develop inter-ventions to reduce health risks. 2010 artículo científico 1555-7960 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=437542083005 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=4375 MEDICC Review application/pdf Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba MEDICC Review (Estados Unidos de América) Num.2 Vol.12 |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | redalyc_437542083005 |
| institution | Redalyc |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publisher | Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba |
| spellingShingle | Excess Weight and Adiposity in Children and Adolescents in Havana, Cuba: Prevalence and Trends, 1972 to 2005 Mercedes Esquivel Medicina child child obesity obesity adiposity Excess Weight and Adiposity in Children and Adolescents in Havana, Cuba: Prevalence and Trends, 1972 to 2005 Mercedes Esquivel Ciro González Medicina child child obesity obesity adiposity IntroductionRising prevalence of excess weight in children and ado-lescents is a serious public health problem in both developed anddeveloping countries, associated with a growing burden of chronicnon-communicable diseases in youth and adults. In Cuba, population-based growth and development surveys have been conducted sincethe 1970s, the latest in 2005.ObjectiveEstimate prevalence of overweight, obesity and high adi-posity in children and adolescents aged ≤19 years in Havana, Cuba,in 1972, 1993 and 2005, and describe secular trends in these condi-tions in the periods observed.MethodsA retrospective, descriptive study examined data from growthand development surveys conducted in Havana in 1972, 1993 and2005, which obtained Body Mass Index (BMI) and left mid-arm fat area(MAFA) in the population aged ≤19 years using probabilistic samplingand comparable methods of anthropometric measurement and dataverification, processing and analysis. Age- and sex-specific percentileswere used as cutoff points for diagnosing overweight, obesity and highadiposity in 3 age groups (early childhood: <5 years; childhood: 5–9years; and adolescence: 10–19 years). Descriptive statistics were usedto calculate prevalence, expressed as a percentage of the populationsurveyed in each nutritional status category, by sex, age group andsurvey year. Trends were established by comparing prevalence in 3 pe-riods: 1972–1993, 1993–2005 and 1972–2005. Statistical significanceof the percentage differences between survey years in each period wascalculated using 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsPrevalence of excess weight (overweight + obesity) in thestudy population was 15.3% in 1972, 9.6% in 1993, and 16.4% in 2005,and was more frequent in males but varied by age group and surveyyear. Prevalence of high adiposity decreased from 13.3% in 1972 to12.7% in 1993, increasing significantly to 28.8% in 2005. High adipositywas more frequent in males and decreased as age increased, exceptin children aged <5 years, who had lowest adiposity in 1972. Whileexcess weight predominated over high adiposity in 1972 (15.3% and13.3%, respectively), this relationship was reversed in 1993 (9.6% ex-cess weight vs 12.7% high adiposity) and continued as a growing trendin 2005 (16.4% excess weight vs 28.8% high adiposity).ConclusionsPrevalence of excess weight and high adiposity gen-erally declined during economic crisis and scarcity, and rose as theeconomy improved. Continued monitoring is required to detect sus-tained or rising prevalence of these conditions and to develop inter-ventions to reduce health risks. 2010 artículo científico 1555-7960 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=437542083005 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=4375 MEDICC Review application/pdf Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba MEDICC Review (Estados Unidos de América) Num.2 Vol.12 |
| title | Excess Weight and Adiposity in Children and Adolescents in Havana, Cuba: Prevalence and Trends, 1972 to 2005 |
| topic | Medicina child child obesity obesity adiposity |
| url | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=437542083005 |