Cross-Modal Plasticity in Cuban Visually-Impaired Child Cochlear Implant Candidates: Topography of Somatosensory Evoked Potentials
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Langue: | en |
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Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba
2012
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| author | Lidia E. Charroó-Ruíz |
| author_facet | Lidia E. Charroó-Ruíz |
| contents | Cross-Modal Plasticity in Cuban Visually-Impaired Child Cochlear Implant Candidates: Topography of Somatosensory Evoked Potentials Lidia E. Charroó-Ruíz María C. Pérez-Abalo María C. Hernández Beatriz Álvarez Beatriz Bermejo Sandra Bermejo Lídice Galán Lourdes Díaz-Comas Medicina deaf hear fMRI Cuba blind INTRODUCTION Studies of neuroplasticity have shown that the brain’s neural networks change in the absence of sensory input such as hearing or vision. However, little is known about what happens when both sensory modalities are lost (deaf-blindness). Hence, this study of cortical reorganization in visually-impaired child cochlear implant (CI) candidates.OBJECTIVE Assess cross-modal plasticity, specifi cally cortical reorganization for tactile representation in visually-impaired child CI candidates, through study of topography of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP). METHODS From April through September 2005, SEP from median and tibial nerve electrical stimulation were studied in 12 visually-impaired child CI candidates aged 3–15 years and 23 healthy con-trols. Following placement of 19 recording electrodes using the International 10-20 System , SEP were recorded and then processed. Topographic maps were obtained for SEP N20 (median nerve) and SEP P40 (tibial nerve), permitting assessment of cortical reorganiza-tion by comparing visually-impaired, deaf children’s maps with those of healthy children by means of visual inspection and statistical com-parison using a permutation test. RESULTS SEP N20 topography was signifi cantly more extensive in visually-impaired child CI candidates than in healthy children. An asymmetrical pattern occurred from the expansion of hand tactile acti-vation into the temporal and occipital regions in the left hemisphere on right median nerve stimulation. This did not occur for SEP P40 on tibial nerve stimulation (right and left). Magnitude of expanded SEP N20 response was related to severity of visual impairment and longer duration of dual sensory loss.CONCLUSIONS Changes in SEP N20 topography are evidence of cross-modal plasticity in visually-impaired child CI candidates, appearing to result from a complex interaction between severity of visual impairment and duration of multisensory deprivation. 2012 artículo científico 1555-7960 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=437542087007 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=4375 MEDICC Review application/pdf Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba MEDICC Review (Estados Unidos de América) Num.2 Vol.14 |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | redalyc_437542087007 |
| institution | Redalyc |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publisher | Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba |
| spellingShingle | Cross-Modal Plasticity in Cuban Visually-Impaired Child Cochlear Implant Candidates: Topography of Somatosensory Evoked Potentials Lidia E. Charroó-Ruíz Medicina deaf hear fMRI Cuba blind Cross-Modal Plasticity in Cuban Visually-Impaired Child Cochlear Implant Candidates: Topography of Somatosensory Evoked Potentials Lidia E. Charroó-Ruíz María C. Pérez-Abalo María C. Hernández Beatriz Álvarez Beatriz Bermejo Sandra Bermejo Lídice Galán Lourdes Díaz-Comas Medicina deaf hear fMRI Cuba blind INTRODUCTION Studies of neuroplasticity have shown that the brain’s neural networks change in the absence of sensory input such as hearing or vision. However, little is known about what happens when both sensory modalities are lost (deaf-blindness). Hence, this study of cortical reorganization in visually-impaired child cochlear implant (CI) candidates.OBJECTIVE Assess cross-modal plasticity, specifi cally cortical reorganization for tactile representation in visually-impaired child CI candidates, through study of topography of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP). METHODS From April through September 2005, SEP from median and tibial nerve electrical stimulation were studied in 12 visually-impaired child CI candidates aged 3–15 years and 23 healthy con-trols. Following placement of 19 recording electrodes using the International 10-20 System , SEP were recorded and then processed. Topographic maps were obtained for SEP N20 (median nerve) and SEP P40 (tibial nerve), permitting assessment of cortical reorganiza-tion by comparing visually-impaired, deaf children’s maps with those of healthy children by means of visual inspection and statistical com-parison using a permutation test. RESULTS SEP N20 topography was signifi cantly more extensive in visually-impaired child CI candidates than in healthy children. An asymmetrical pattern occurred from the expansion of hand tactile acti-vation into the temporal and occipital regions in the left hemisphere on right median nerve stimulation. This did not occur for SEP P40 on tibial nerve stimulation (right and left). Magnitude of expanded SEP N20 response was related to severity of visual impairment and longer duration of dual sensory loss.CONCLUSIONS Changes in SEP N20 topography are evidence of cross-modal plasticity in visually-impaired child CI candidates, appearing to result from a complex interaction between severity of visual impairment and duration of multisensory deprivation. 2012 artículo científico 1555-7960 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=437542087007 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=4375 MEDICC Review application/pdf Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba MEDICC Review (Estados Unidos de América) Num.2 Vol.14 |
| title | Cross-Modal Plasticity in Cuban Visually-Impaired Child Cochlear Implant Candidates: Topography of Somatosensory Evoked Potentials |
| topic | Medicina deaf hear fMRI Cuba blind |
| url | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=437542087007 |