Early Signs of Atherogenesis in Adolescents in a Havana Family Medicine Catchment Area
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| Natura: | Artículo científico |
| Lingua: | en |
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Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba
2015
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| _version_ | 1876487270262898688 |
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| author | Wendy Valdés |
| author_facet | Wendy Valdés |
| contents | Early Signs of Atherogenesis in Adolescents in a Havana Family Medicine Catchment Area Wendy Valdés Georgia Díaz-Perera Tania M. Espinosa Medicina ath Cuba erogenesis Adolescents risk factors INTRODUCTION Atherosclerosis is the common underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases; the leading cause of morbidity and mortal- ity globally. It is a major contributor to disability and poorer quality of life and is costly to health systems, individuals, families and soci- ety. Early signs of atherogenesis are manifestations of atherosclero- sis and known atherogenic risk factors occurring at young ages and detectable by health professionals. Early detection of such signs in children and adolescents enables actions to prevent short- and long- term complications. OBJECTIVE Detect early signs of atherogenesis in adolescents in Family Doctor-and-Nurse Office No. 13 of the Ra ̇l GÛmez GarcÌa Polyclinic in Havanas 10 de Octubre Municipality. METHODS An observational, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted: the universe consisted of 110 adolescents and, once exclusion criteria were applied, the sample was made up of 96 adolescents in the offices geographical catchment area. Variables included sociodemographic data; measurements from physical and anthropometric examinations (weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, presence of acanthosis nigricans); maternal history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, smoking dur- ing pregnancy; birth weight and duration of exclusive breastfeeding; lifestyle (physical activity, dietary habits by frequency of consumption of fruits and vegetables, salt intake, and smoking); and a history of atherogenic risk factors and atherosclerotic diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease and chronic kidney disease) in adolescents and their families. The number of early signs of atherogenesis was determined. Descriptive statistics and a chi-square test, with significance threshold set at p = 0.05, were used to examine differences by sex and age. RESULTS A total of 62.5% of participating adolescents were female and the same percent of the total were in early adolescence. Preva- lent risk factors were poor dietary habits (81.3%), passive smoking (54.2%) and sedentary lifestyle (45.8%). The latter was more frequent among female and adolescents aged 1014 years. Prehypertension and active smoking were prevalent during late adolescence. Hyper- tension was the disease most often found in family history (91.7%). All adolescents had at least one early sign of athero genesis, and 72.9% had 3 signs, noted especially in female participants. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of 3 early signs of athero- genesis in this study suggests the need to initiate primary prevention before onset of adolescence, and even prior to birth, using a gender perspective, to conduct educational interventions designed to change the risk factors highlighted in the study and reduce car 2015 artículo científico 1555-7960 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=437543389008 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=4375 MEDICC Review application/pdf Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba MEDICC Review (Estados Unidos de América) Num.4 Vol.17 |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | redalyc_437543389008 |
| institution | Redalyc |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba |
| spellingShingle | Early Signs of Atherogenesis in Adolescents in a Havana Family Medicine Catchment Area Wendy Valdés Medicina ath Cuba erogenesis Adolescents risk factors Early Signs of Atherogenesis in Adolescents in a Havana Family Medicine Catchment Area Wendy Valdés Georgia Díaz-Perera Tania M. Espinosa Medicina ath Cuba erogenesis Adolescents risk factors INTRODUCTION Atherosclerosis is the common underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases; the leading cause of morbidity and mortal- ity globally. It is a major contributor to disability and poorer quality of life and is costly to health systems, individuals, families and soci- ety. Early signs of atherogenesis are manifestations of atherosclero- sis and known atherogenic risk factors occurring at young ages and detectable by health professionals. Early detection of such signs in children and adolescents enables actions to prevent short- and long- term complications. OBJECTIVE Detect early signs of atherogenesis in adolescents in Family Doctor-and-Nurse Office No. 13 of the Ra ̇l GÛmez GarcÌa Polyclinic in Havanas 10 de Octubre Municipality. METHODS An observational, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted: the universe consisted of 110 adolescents and, once exclusion criteria were applied, the sample was made up of 96 adolescents in the offices geographical catchment area. Variables included sociodemographic data; measurements from physical and anthropometric examinations (weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, presence of acanthosis nigricans); maternal history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, smoking dur- ing pregnancy; birth weight and duration of exclusive breastfeeding; lifestyle (physical activity, dietary habits by frequency of consumption of fruits and vegetables, salt intake, and smoking); and a history of atherogenic risk factors and atherosclerotic diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease and chronic kidney disease) in adolescents and their families. The number of early signs of atherogenesis was determined. Descriptive statistics and a chi-square test, with significance threshold set at p = 0.05, were used to examine differences by sex and age. RESULTS A total of 62.5% of participating adolescents were female and the same percent of the total were in early adolescence. Preva- lent risk factors were poor dietary habits (81.3%), passive smoking (54.2%) and sedentary lifestyle (45.8%). The latter was more frequent among female and adolescents aged 1014 years. Prehypertension and active smoking were prevalent during late adolescence. Hyper- tension was the disease most often found in family history (91.7%). All adolescents had at least one early sign of athero genesis, and 72.9% had 3 signs, noted especially in female participants. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of 3 early signs of athero- genesis in this study suggests the need to initiate primary prevention before onset of adolescence, and even prior to birth, using a gender perspective, to conduct educational interventions designed to change the risk factors highlighted in the study and reduce car 2015 artículo científico 1555-7960 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=437543389008 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=4375 MEDICC Review application/pdf Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba MEDICC Review (Estados Unidos de América) Num.4 Vol.17 |
| title | Early Signs of Atherogenesis in Adolescents in a Havana Family Medicine Catchment Area |
| topic | Medicina ath Cuba erogenesis Adolescents risk factors |
| url | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=437543389008 |