EVIDENCE OF ARTIFICIAL SELECTION: ARE ORCHIDS IN CULTIVATION AN EFFECTIVE EX SITU CONSERVATION STRATEGY?
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
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Universidad de Costa Rica
2022
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| _version_ | 1876425633496563712 |
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| author | Raymond L. Tremblay |
| author_facet | Raymond L. Tremblay |
| contents | EVIDENCE OF ARTIFICIAL SELECTION: ARE ORCHIDS IN CULTIVATION AN EFFECTIVE EX SITU CONSERVATION STRATEGY? Raymond L. Tremblay Paola A. Alicea-Roman Abimelys Anaya-Reyes Sean Duclerc-Rodas Ivanellys Medina-Tirado Biología evolution natural selection phenotypic selection in situ conservation American Orchid Society Artificial selection is the process by which humans change morphological and genetic characteristics of species through selection of “favored” characters. Although the gray literature suggests the process is occurring in orchids held in ex situ collections, there is limited evidence of this in the scientific literature. There is a perspective among growers that species (not hybrids) held in ex situ collections are potential sources of material for use in in situ re-establishment, however, this assumes that there has not been any artificial selection for morphological characters, or functional traits while grown and propagated ex situ. Here we evaluate if plants grown in ex situ collections show changes in morphological characters across time and if the range of character size is within the range from in situ populations. We evaluated plants from the American Orchid Society database from nine genera and 54 species. We noted that 35% of characters evaluated had evidence of significant change across time. Moreover, for most species in ex situ the evaluated characters were frequently (95%) outside the range of plants of natural populations based on species descriptions. If variation in size of ex situ collections as compared to in situ plants is genetically based, it is possible that these would be functionally maladaptive if re-introduced to their natural environment. Protocols for ex situ conservation programs need to focus on the morphological, biochemical, and ecological interactions and genetic diversity that would render the re-introduction of ex situ to their natural environment to maximize the likelihood of effective re-establishment. Consequently, species which are awarded recognition at orchid shows may potentially be inappropriate for plants within an in situ reintroduction conservation program. 2022 artículo científico 1409-3871 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44375341007 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/443/44375341007/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/443/44375341007/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/443/44375341007/44375341007.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/443/44375341007/movil https://doi.org/10.15517/lank.v22i3.53443 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=443 Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology application/pdf Universidad de Costa Rica Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology (Costa Rica) Num.3 Vol.22 |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | redalyc_44375341007 |
| institution | Redalyc |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Universidad de Costa Rica |
| spellingShingle | EVIDENCE OF ARTIFICIAL SELECTION: ARE ORCHIDS IN CULTIVATION AN EFFECTIVE EX SITU CONSERVATION STRATEGY? Raymond L. Tremblay Biología evolution natural selection phenotypic selection in situ conservation American Orchid Society EVIDENCE OF ARTIFICIAL SELECTION: ARE ORCHIDS IN CULTIVATION AN EFFECTIVE EX SITU CONSERVATION STRATEGY? Raymond L. Tremblay Paola A. Alicea-Roman Abimelys Anaya-Reyes Sean Duclerc-Rodas Ivanellys Medina-Tirado Biología evolution natural selection phenotypic selection in situ conservation American Orchid Society Artificial selection is the process by which humans change morphological and genetic characteristics of species through selection of “favored” characters. Although the gray literature suggests the process is occurring in orchids held in ex situ collections, there is limited evidence of this in the scientific literature. There is a perspective among growers that species (not hybrids) held in ex situ collections are potential sources of material for use in in situ re-establishment, however, this assumes that there has not been any artificial selection for morphological characters, or functional traits while grown and propagated ex situ. Here we evaluate if plants grown in ex situ collections show changes in morphological characters across time and if the range of character size is within the range from in situ populations. We evaluated plants from the American Orchid Society database from nine genera and 54 species. We noted that 35% of characters evaluated had evidence of significant change across time. Moreover, for most species in ex situ the evaluated characters were frequently (95%) outside the range of plants of natural populations based on species descriptions. If variation in size of ex situ collections as compared to in situ plants is genetically based, it is possible that these would be functionally maladaptive if re-introduced to their natural environment. Protocols for ex situ conservation programs need to focus on the morphological, biochemical, and ecological interactions and genetic diversity that would render the re-introduction of ex situ to their natural environment to maximize the likelihood of effective re-establishment. Consequently, species which are awarded recognition at orchid shows may potentially be inappropriate for plants within an in situ reintroduction conservation program. 2022 artículo científico 1409-3871 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44375341007 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/443/44375341007/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/443/44375341007/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/443/44375341007/44375341007.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/443/44375341007/movil https://doi.org/10.15517/lank.v22i3.53443 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=443 Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology application/pdf Universidad de Costa Rica Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology (Costa Rica) Num.3 Vol.22 |
| title | EVIDENCE OF ARTIFICIAL SELECTION: ARE ORCHIDS IN CULTIVATION AN EFFECTIVE EX SITU CONSERVATION STRATEGY? |
| topic | Biología evolution natural selection phenotypic selection in situ conservation American Orchid Society |
| url | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44375341007 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/443/44375341007/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/443/44375341007/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/443/44375341007/44375341007.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/443/44375341007/movil https://doi.org/10.15517/lank.v22i3.53443 |