Sperm kinematics and morphometric subpopulations analysis with CASA systems: a review
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Universidad de Costa Rica
2019
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| author | Anthony Valverde |
| author_facet | Anthony Valverde |
| contents | Sperm kinematics and morphometric subpopulations analysis with CASA systems: a review Anthony Valverde Olivier Castro-Morales Mónica Madrigal-Valverde Carles Soler Biología Semen motility andrology reproduction multivariate analysis In recent years, there has been a substantive change in the conceptual paradigm regarding what an ejaculate is. Until recently, it was considered that a representative population (billions) of sperm was made up of "equivalent" cells with a common goal: to be the one that could finally fertilize the oocyte. New data suggesting that a set of spermatozoa is grouped in distinct subpopulations, according to their kinematic and morphometric characteristics, has opened the way towards a more cooperative vision. In addition, recently, it has been established that the subpopulation distribution is different among males, which seems to indicate that there are different strategies that can be understood within another paradigm: sperm competition between different ejaculates. These heterogeneous subpopulations of spermatozoa in the ejaculate, that show kinematics and morphometric patterns, has been widely known for a while, but the biological meaning of these different sperm subpopulations is still not clear. For this reason, the subjective evaluation of seminal quality is being displaced by objective assessment techniques using CASA technology (computer-assisted semen analysis). Also, the application of principal components (PC) and clustering methods to reveal subpopulations of spermatozoa are complementary tools used to characterize raw semen and processed cell suspensions. Despite the advances in such powerful tools, researchers are not well versed on such techniques and its advantages. For instance, PC analysis is a multivariate statistical method that reduces the number of variables used in subsequent calculations for describing the data. By integrating the original data into new complex mathematical variables, homogenous subpopulations of spermatozoa can define clearly. Furthermore, kinematic, morphometric, morphological or DNA integrity tests can be also applied to characterize and understand the reproductive biology of the spermatozoon. Although the role of the different subpopulations of spermatozoa remains unknown, the work should continue by implementing novel technologies and coordinated tools. In this review, we characterize the fertility evaluation with CASA technology and examine the main multivariate methods in the assessment of sperm subpopulations analyzed by CASA systems. 2019 artículo científico 0034-7744 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44965908026 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/449/44965908026/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/449/44965908026/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/449/44965908026/44965908026.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/449/44965908026/movil DOI 10.15517/RBT.V67I6.35151 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=449 Revista de Biología Tropical application/pdf Universidad de Costa Rica Revista de Biología Tropical (Costa Rica) Num.6 Vol.67 |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | redalyc_44965908026 |
| institution | Redalyc |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | Universidad de Costa Rica |
| spellingShingle | Sperm kinematics and morphometric subpopulations analysis with CASA systems: a review Anthony Valverde Biología Semen motility andrology reproduction multivariate analysis Sperm kinematics and morphometric subpopulations analysis with CASA systems: a review Anthony Valverde Olivier Castro-Morales Mónica Madrigal-Valverde Carles Soler Biología Semen motility andrology reproduction multivariate analysis In recent years, there has been a substantive change in the conceptual paradigm regarding what an ejaculate is. Until recently, it was considered that a representative population (billions) of sperm was made up of "equivalent" cells with a common goal: to be the one that could finally fertilize the oocyte. New data suggesting that a set of spermatozoa is grouped in distinct subpopulations, according to their kinematic and morphometric characteristics, has opened the way towards a more cooperative vision. In addition, recently, it has been established that the subpopulation distribution is different among males, which seems to indicate that there are different strategies that can be understood within another paradigm: sperm competition between different ejaculates. These heterogeneous subpopulations of spermatozoa in the ejaculate, that show kinematics and morphometric patterns, has been widely known for a while, but the biological meaning of these different sperm subpopulations is still not clear. For this reason, the subjective evaluation of seminal quality is being displaced by objective assessment techniques using CASA technology (computer-assisted semen analysis). Also, the application of principal components (PC) and clustering methods to reveal subpopulations of spermatozoa are complementary tools used to characterize raw semen and processed cell suspensions. Despite the advances in such powerful tools, researchers are not well versed on such techniques and its advantages. For instance, PC analysis is a multivariate statistical method that reduces the number of variables used in subsequent calculations for describing the data. By integrating the original data into new complex mathematical variables, homogenous subpopulations of spermatozoa can define clearly. Furthermore, kinematic, morphometric, morphological or DNA integrity tests can be also applied to characterize and understand the reproductive biology of the spermatozoon. Although the role of the different subpopulations of spermatozoa remains unknown, the work should continue by implementing novel technologies and coordinated tools. In this review, we characterize the fertility evaluation with CASA technology and examine the main multivariate methods in the assessment of sperm subpopulations analyzed by CASA systems. 2019 artículo científico 0034-7744 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44965908026 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/449/44965908026/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/449/44965908026/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/449/44965908026/44965908026.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/449/44965908026/movil DOI 10.15517/RBT.V67I6.35151 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=449 Revista de Biología Tropical application/pdf Universidad de Costa Rica Revista de Biología Tropical (Costa Rica) Num.6 Vol.67 |
| title | Sperm kinematics and morphometric subpopulations analysis with CASA systems: a review |
| topic | Biología Semen motility andrology reproduction multivariate analysis |
| url | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44965908026 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/449/44965908026/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/449/44965908026/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/449/44965908026/44965908026.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/449/44965908026/movil |