Meridional and zonal changes in water properties along the continental slope off central and northern Chile
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Redalyc · Ciencias Marinas
The Humboldt-09 cruise covered a narrow meridional band along the Chilean continental slope (44–23º S). Here we use physical and biochemical data from a long meridional section (4000 km) and three short zonal sections (100 km) to describe the distribution of the different water masses found in this...
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| Formato: | Artículo científico |
| Lenguaje: | en |
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Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
2012
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| _version_ | 1878325299837403136 |
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| author | PJ Llanillo |
| author_facet | PJ Llanillo |
| collection | Ciencias Marinas |
| container_title | Ciencias Marinas |
| contents | Meridional and zonal changes in water properties along the continental slope off central and northern Chile PJ Llanillo JL Pelegrí CM Duarte M Emelianov M Gasser J Gourrion A Rodríguez-Santana Ciencias de la Tierra Quasi water masses oxygen minimum zone Humboldt Current System extended optimum multiparameter analysis The Humboldt-09 cruise covered a narrow meridional band along the Chilean continental slope (44¿23º S). Here we use physical and biochemical data from a long meridional section (4000 km) and three short zonal sections (100 km) to describe the distribution of the different water masses found in this region. Six water masses were identified: Subantarctic Water (SAAW), Summer Subantarctic Water (SSAW), Subtropical Water (STW), Equatorial Subsurface Water (ESSW), Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), and Pacific Deep Water (PDW). For the first time, a novel set of source water mass properties (or water types) is introduced for SSAW, and nutrient and dissolved oxygen water types are proposed for all the water masses. Optimum multiparameter (OMP) analysis was used through an iterative process to obtain a sound definition of the water types that minimizes the residuals of the method. Both the classic OMP and the quasi-extended OMP models reproduced the data rather well. Finally, the spatial distribution of the different water masses was calculated with the quasi-extended OMP, which is not influenced by the respiration of organic matter. The distribution of the different water masses is presented over the meridional and zonal transects and in property-property diagrams. A smooth meridional transition from subantarctic to tropical and equatorial water masses is observed in this area. This transition takes place in surface, central, and intermediate waters over distances of the order of 1000 km. The meridional transition contrasts with the abrupt zonal changes found in the cross-slope direction, which are of comparable magnitude but over distances of the order of 100 km. Both AAIW and SAAW (fresh and well oxygenated) partially mix with the hypoxic ESSW and, therefore, play an important role in the ventilation of the southern part of the oxygen minimum zone. 2012 artículo científico 0185-3880 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=48023239011 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=480 Ciencias Marinas application/pdf Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Ciencias Marinas (México) Num.1B Vol.38 |
| ctrlnum | oai:cienciasmarinas.com.mx:article/1814 10.7773/cm.v38i1B.1814 |
| description | The Humboldt-09 cruise covered a narrow meridional band along the Chilean continental slope (44–23º S). Here we use physical and biochemical data from a long meridional section (4000 km) and three short zonal sections (100 km) to describe the distribution of the different water masses found in this region. Six water masses were identified: Subantarctic Water (SAAW), Summer Subantarctic Water (SSAW), Subtropical Water (STW), Equatorial Subsurface Water (ESSW), Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), and Pacific Deep Water (PDW). For the first time, a novel set of source water mass properties (or water types) is introduced for SSAW, and nutrient and dissolved oxygen water types are proposed for all the water masses. Optimum multiparameter (OMP) analysis was used through an iterative process to obtain a sound definition of the water types that minimizes the residuals of the method. Both the classic OMP and the quasi-extended OMP models reproduced the data rather well. Finally, the spatial distribution of the different water masses was calculated with the quasi-extended OMP, which is not influenced by the respiration of organic matter. The distribution of the different water masses is presented over the meridional and zonal transects and in property-property diagrams. A smooth meridional transition from subantarctic to tropical and equatorial water masses is observed in this area. This transition takes place in surface, central, and intermediate waters over distances of the order of 1000 km. The meridional transition contrasts with the abrupt zonal changes found in the cross-slope direction, which are of comparable magnitude but over distances of the order of 100 km. Both AAIW and SAAW (fresh and well oxygenated) partially mix with the hypoxic ESSW and, therefore, play an important role in the ventilation of the southern part of the oxygen minimum zone.
La campaña Humboldt-09 abarcó una estrecha franja latitudinal a lo largo del talud continental chileno, de 44 a 23ºS. En este trabajo se utilizan los datos físicos y bioquímicos obtenidos a lo largo de una sección latitudinal (4000 km) y de tres secciones zonales cortas (100 km) para describir la distribución de las diferentes masas de agua presentes en la región. Se identificaron seis masas de agua: Agua Subantártica (SAAW, por sus siglas en inglés), Agua Subantártica de Verano (SSAW), Agua Subtropical (STW), Agua Ecuatorial Subsuperficial (ESSW), Agua Antártica Intermedia (AAIW) y Agua Profunda del Pacífico (PDW). Se propone, por primera vez, un conjunto completo de propiedades de la masa de agua en origen (o valores tipo) para caracterizar SSAW, así como valores tipo de oxígeno disuelto y nutrientes para todas las masas de agua. Para su correcta definición se empleó el análisis óptimo multiparamétrico (OMP) de manera iterativa, seleccionando el conjunto de valores tipo que generó menores residuos. Tanto el modelo OMP clásico como el cuasi-extendido reproducen de manera fiel las observaciones. Finalmente, se determinó la distribución espacial de las diferentes masas de agua con el OMP cuasi-extendido, que no se encuentra influenciado por la respiración de la materia orgánica. La distribución de las distintas masas de agua se representa en las diferentes secciones y en los diagramas propiedad-propiedad. En esta región se aprecia una progresiva transición latitudinal de masas de agua de origen subantártico a masas de agua de origen tropical y ecuatorial. Esta transición tiene lugar en los 1000 m superiores, en distancias del orden de 1000 km. Esto contrasta con los rápidos cambios observados en las secciones zonales, de magnitud comparable pero en distancias del orden de 100 km. Tanto el AAIW como el SAAW (relativamente menos salinas y bien oxigenadas) se mezclan parcialmente con la hipóxica ESSW y, en consecuencia, juegan un papel importante en la ventilación de la parte austral de la zona de mínimo oxígeno. |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | redalyc_48023239011 |
| institution | Redalyc Ciencias Marinas |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publisher | Universidad Autónoma de Baja California |
| spelling | Meridional and zonal changes in water properties along the continental slope off central and northern Chile Cambios latitudinales y zonales en los parámetros oceanográficos a lo largo del talud continental en la zona centro y norte de Chile Llanillo, PJ Pelegrí, JL Duarte, CM Emelianov, M Gasser, M Gourrion, J Rodríguez-Santana, A quasi-extended optimum multiparameter analysis water masses oxygen minimum zone Humboldt Current System análisis óptimo multiparamétrico cuasi-extendido zona de mínimo oxígeno masas de agua Sistema de la Corriente de Humboldt The Humboldt-09 cruise covered a narrow meridional band along the Chilean continental slope (44–23º S). Here we use physical and biochemical data from a long meridional section (4000 km) and three short zonal sections (100 km) to describe the distribution of the different water masses found in this region. Six water masses were identified: Subantarctic Water (SAAW), Summer Subantarctic Water (SSAW), Subtropical Water (STW), Equatorial Subsurface Water (ESSW), Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), and Pacific Deep Water (PDW). For the first time, a novel set of source water mass properties (or water types) is introduced for SSAW, and nutrient and dissolved oxygen water types are proposed for all the water masses. Optimum multiparameter (OMP) analysis was used through an iterative process to obtain a sound definition of the water types that minimizes the residuals of the method. Both the classic OMP and the quasi-extended OMP models reproduced the data rather well. Finally, the spatial distribution of the different water masses was calculated with the quasi-extended OMP, which is not influenced by the respiration of organic matter. The distribution of the different water masses is presented over the meridional and zonal transects and in property-property diagrams. A smooth meridional transition from subantarctic to tropical and equatorial water masses is observed in this area. This transition takes place in surface, central, and intermediate waters over distances of the order of 1000 km. The meridional transition contrasts with the abrupt zonal changes found in the cross-slope direction, which are of comparable magnitude but over distances of the order of 100 km. Both AAIW and SAAW (fresh and well oxygenated) partially mix with the hypoxic ESSW and, therefore, play an important role in the ventilation of the southern part of the oxygen minimum zone. La campaña Humboldt-09 abarcó una estrecha franja latitudinal a lo largo del talud continental chileno, de 44 a 23ºS. En este trabajo se utilizan los datos físicos y bioquímicos obtenidos a lo largo de una sección latitudinal (4000 km) y de tres secciones zonales cortas (100 km) para describir la distribución de las diferentes masas de agua presentes en la región. Se identificaron seis masas de agua: Agua Subantártica (SAAW, por sus siglas en inglés), Agua Subantártica de Verano (SSAW), Agua Subtropical (STW), Agua Ecuatorial Subsuperficial (ESSW), Agua Antártica Intermedia (AAIW) y Agua Profunda del Pacífico (PDW). Se propone, por primera vez, un conjunto completo de propiedades de la masa de agua en origen (o valores tipo) para caracterizar SSAW, así como valores tipo de oxígeno disuelto y nutrientes para todas las masas de agua. Para su correcta definición se empleó el análisis óptimo multiparamétrico (OMP) de manera iterativa, seleccionando el conjunto de valores tipo que generó menores residuos. Tanto el modelo OMP clásico como el cuasi-extendido reproducen de manera fiel las observaciones. Finalmente, se determinó la distribución espacial de las diferentes masas de agua con el OMP cuasi-extendido, que no se encuentra influenciado por la respiración de la materia orgánica. La distribución de las distintas masas de agua se representa en las diferentes secciones y en los diagramas propiedad-propiedad. En esta región se aprecia una progresiva transición latitudinal de masas de agua de origen subantártico a masas de agua de origen tropical y ecuatorial. Esta transición tiene lugar en los 1000 m superiores, en distancias del orden de 1000 km. Esto contrasta con los rápidos cambios observados en las secciones zonales, de magnitud comparable pero en distancias del orden de 100 km. Tanto el AAIW como el SAAW (relativamente menos salinas y bien oxigenadas) se mezclan parcialmente con la hipóxica ESSW y, en consecuencia, juegan un papel importante en la ventilación de la parte austral de la zona de mínimo oxígeno. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas 2011-10-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Artículo Arbitrado application/pdf https://cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/1814 10.7773/cm.v38i1B.1814 Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 38 No. 1B (2012); 307-332 Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 38 Núm. 1B (2012); 307-332 2395-9053 0185-3880 eng https://cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/1814/1676 ['Redalyc'] redalyc_48023239011 Meridional and zonal changes in water properties along the continental slope off central and northern Chile ['Meridional and zonal changes in water properties along the continental slope off central and northern Chile', 'PJ Llanillo', 'Ciencias de la Tierra', 'Quasi', 'water masses', 'oxygen minimum zone', 'Humboldt Current System', 'extended optimum multiparameter analysis', 'Meridional and zonal changes in water properties along the continental slope off central and northern Chile PJ Llanillo JL Pelegrí CM Duarte M Emelianov M Gasser J Gourrion A Rodríguez-Santana Ciencias de la Tierra Quasi water masses oxygen minimum zone Humboldt Current System extended optimum multiparameter analysis The Humboldt-09 cruise covered a narrow meridional band along the Chilean continental slope (44¿23º S). Here we use physical and biochemical data from a long meridional section (4000 km) and three short zonal sections (100 km) to describe the distribution of the different water masses found in this region. Six water masses were identified: Subantarctic Water (SAAW), Summer Subantarctic Water (SSAW), Subtropical Water (STW), Equatorial Subsurface Water (ESSW), Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), and Pacific Deep Water (PDW). For the first time, a novel set of source water mass properties (or water types) is introduced for SSAW, and nutrient and dissolved oxygen water types are proposed for all the water masses. Optimum multiparameter (OMP) analysis was used through an iterative process to obtain a sound definition of the water types that minimizes the residuals of the method. Both the classic OMP and the quasi-extended OMP models reproduced the data rather well. Finally, the spatial distribution of the different water masses was calculated with the quasi-extended OMP, which is not influenced by the respiration of organic matter. The distribution of the different water masses is presented over the meridional and zonal transects and in property-property diagrams. A smooth meridional transition from subantarctic to tropical and equatorial water masses is observed in this area. This transition takes place in surface, central, and intermediate waters over distances of the order of 1000 km. The meridional transition contrasts with the abrupt zonal changes found in the cross-slope direction, which are of comparable magnitude but over distances of the order of 100 km. Both AAIW and SAAW (fresh and well oxygenated) partially mix with the hypoxic ESSW and, therefore, play an important role in the ventilation of the southern part of the oxygen minimum zone. 2012 artículo científico 0185-3880 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=48023239011 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=480 Ciencias Marinas application/pdf Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Ciencias Marinas (México) Num.1B Vol.38'] ['PJ Llanillo'] ['PJ Llanillo'] ['Artículo científico'] ['2012'] ['Universidad Autónoma de Baja California'] ['en'] ['Ciencias de la Tierra', 'Quasi', 'water masses', 'oxygen minimum zone', 'Humboldt Current System', 'extended optimum multiparameter analysis'] ['https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=48023239011'] ['Meridional and zonal changes in water properties along the continental slope off central and northern Chile PJ Llanillo JL Pelegrí CM Duarte M Emelianov M Gasser J Gourrion A Rodríguez-Santana Ciencias de la Tierra Quasi water masses oxygen minimum zone Humboldt Current System extended optimum multiparameter analysis The Humboldt-09 cruise covered a narrow meridional band along the Chilean continental slope (44¿23º S). Here we use physical and biochemical data from a long meridional section (4000 km) and three short zonal sections (100 km) to describe the distribution of the different water masses found in this region. Six water masses were identified: Subantarctic Water (SAAW), Summer Subantarctic Water (SSAW), Subtropical Water (STW), Equatorial Subsurface Water (ESSW), Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), and Pacific Deep Water (PDW). For the first time, a novel set of source water mass properties (or water types) is introduced for SSAW, and nutrient and dissolved oxygen water types are proposed for all the water masses. Optimum multiparameter (OMP) analysis was used through an iterative process to obtain a sound definition of the water types that minimizes the residuals of the method. Both the classic OMP and the quasi-extended OMP models reproduced the data rather well. Finally, the spatial distribution of the different water masses was calculated with the quasi-extended OMP, which is not influenced by the respiration of organic matter. The distribution of the different water masses is presented over the meridional and zonal transects and in property-property diagrams. A smooth meridional transition from subantarctic to tropical and equatorial water masses is observed in this area. This transition takes place in surface, central, and intermediate waters over distances of the order of 1000 km. The meridional transition contrasts with the abrupt zonal changes found in the cross-slope direction, which are of comparable magnitude but over distances of the order of 100 km. Both AAIW and SAAW (fresh and well oxygenated) partially mix with the hypoxic ESSW and, therefore, play an important role in the ventilation of the southern part of the oxygen minimum zone. 2012 artículo científico 0185-3880 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=48023239011 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=480 Ciencias Marinas application/pdf Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Ciencias Marinas (México) Num.1B Vol.38'] |
| spellingShingle | Meridional and zonal changes in water properties along the continental slope off central and northern Chile PJ Llanillo Ciencias de la Tierra Quasi water masses oxygen minimum zone Humboldt Current System extended optimum multiparameter analysis Meridional and zonal changes in water properties along the continental slope off central and northern Chile PJ Llanillo JL Pelegrí CM Duarte M Emelianov M Gasser J Gourrion A Rodríguez-Santana Ciencias de la Tierra Quasi water masses oxygen minimum zone Humboldt Current System extended optimum multiparameter analysis The Humboldt-09 cruise covered a narrow meridional band along the Chilean continental slope (44¿23º S). Here we use physical and biochemical data from a long meridional section (4000 km) and three short zonal sections (100 km) to describe the distribution of the different water masses found in this region. Six water masses were identified: Subantarctic Water (SAAW), Summer Subantarctic Water (SSAW), Subtropical Water (STW), Equatorial Subsurface Water (ESSW), Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), and Pacific Deep Water (PDW). For the first time, a novel set of source water mass properties (or water types) is introduced for SSAW, and nutrient and dissolved oxygen water types are proposed for all the water masses. Optimum multiparameter (OMP) analysis was used through an iterative process to obtain a sound definition of the water types that minimizes the residuals of the method. Both the classic OMP and the quasi-extended OMP models reproduced the data rather well. Finally, the spatial distribution of the different water masses was calculated with the quasi-extended OMP, which is not influenced by the respiration of organic matter. The distribution of the different water masses is presented over the meridional and zonal transects and in property-property diagrams. A smooth meridional transition from subantarctic to tropical and equatorial water masses is observed in this area. This transition takes place in surface, central, and intermediate waters over distances of the order of 1000 km. The meridional transition contrasts with the abrupt zonal changes found in the cross-slope direction, which are of comparable magnitude but over distances of the order of 100 km. Both AAIW and SAAW (fresh and well oxygenated) partially mix with the hypoxic ESSW and, therefore, play an important role in the ventilation of the southern part of the oxygen minimum zone. 2012 artículo científico 0185-3880 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=48023239011 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=480 Ciencias Marinas application/pdf Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Ciencias Marinas (México) Num.1B Vol.38 |
| title | Meridional and zonal changes in water properties along the continental slope off central and northern Chile |
| title_alt | Cambios latitudinales y zonales en los parámetros oceanográficos a lo largo del talud continental en la zona centro y norte de Chile |
| topic | Ciencias de la Tierra Quasi water masses oxygen minimum zone Humboldt Current System extended optimum multiparameter analysis |
| topic_facet | quasi-extended optimum multiparameter analysis water masses oxygen minimum zone Humboldt Current System análisis óptimo multiparamétrico cuasi-extendido zona de mínimo oxígeno masas de agua Sistema de la Corriente de Humboldt |
| url | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=48023239011 https://cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/1814 |