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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	D. A. BORTOLETO
Format:	Artículo científico
Language:	pt
Published:	Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte 2017
Subjects:	Ingeniería sedimentação Resíduo Bayer floculante em pó
Online Access:	https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=481554851024
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APLICAÇÃO DE FLOCULANTES EM PÓ PARA SEDIMENTAÇÃO DO RESÍDUO BAYER NA INDÚSTRIA DO ALUMÍNIO D. A. BORTOLETO M. A. CAMARGOS J. B. DAVO Ingeniería sedimentação Resíduo Bayer floculante em pó A produção de alumina através do processo Bayer gera grande quantidade de resíduo conhecido como “lama vermelha”. O resíduo é separado do denominado licor verde que contém íons aluminato solubilizados, e direcionado para etapas de separação sólido/líquido realizadas em tanques (lavadores), onde ocorre a dosagem de polímeros solúveis em água que induzem a sedimentação. Utiliza -‐ se sistema de decantação contracorrente com o objetivo de espessar a lama, recuperando o máximo possível de soda cáustica fornecendo um “overflow” contendo baixa concentração de resíduos. O uso de polímeros floculantes em pó, com alto peso molecular e carga iônica adequada, apresenta ganhos significativos relacionados à redução de dosagem, velocidade de sedimentação e compactação do “un derflow” resultando em redução significativa de custos no processo produtivo. Entretanto, apesar dos benefícios relatados, muitas refinarias no Brasil ainda fazem uso de polímeros floculantes em emulsão. Nesse trabalho avaliou -‐ se a performance do floculant e em pó da Basf (linha Alclar®) com diferente peso molecular e carga iônica. Avaliou -‐ se também de forma comparativa, a associação de poliacrilamida em pó e na forma de emulsão, ao hidroxamato para avaliar a redução do consumo de hidroxamato nas refinarias, quando se utiliza o floculante em pó da linha Alclar® associado. 2017 artículo científico 1518-1634 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=481554851024 pt http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=4815 HOLOS application/pdf Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte HOLOS (Brasil) Vol.6

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

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