EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC CLUSTERS, FDI AND R&D ON INNOVATION: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN EUROPEAN MONETARY UNION EXAMPLE
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
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Universidade Nove de Julho
2019
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| _version_ | 1876459201576828928 |
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| author | Durmuş Çağrı Yıldırım |
| author_facet | Durmuş Çağrı Yıldırım |
| contents | EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC CLUSTERS, FDI AND R&D ON INNOVATION: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN EUROPEAN MONETARY UNION EXAMPLE Durmuş Çağrı Yıldırım Korhan Arun Administración y Contabilidad MEU FDI R&D Innovation Economic Clusters This study investigates the impact of five economic indicators -clusters, FDI, R&D, and GDP per capita- on innovation. Using a unique panel dataset obtained from eight upper/middle-income countries with similar innovation levels that are in and out of economic clusters from 2001-2014. Being in a cluster has static (countable) and dynamic (uncountable) effects. We demonstrated that from the dynamic effect variables GDP per capita, FDI, a dummy variable for being EMU member and R&D expenditure only FDI is significant. On the other hand, export numbers are correlated with innovation negatively by 1.3. The empirical support shows that the dynamic effects of clusters are not statistically significant on innovation, but static effects are. Therefore, clusters are useful for countries on trade but not innovation directly. In a nutshell, an upper middle-income country should increase trade for innovation spillover by moderation effect of being in economic unions. 2019 artículo científico 2318-9975 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=499165598005 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/4991/499165598005/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/4991/499165598005/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/4991/499165598005/499165598005.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/4991/499165598005/movil https://doi.org/10.5585/iji.v7i2.264 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=4991 International Journal of Innovation application/pdf Universidade Nove de Julho International Journal of Innovation (Brasil) Num.2 Vol.7 |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | redalyc_499165598005 |
| institution | Redalyc |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | Universidade Nove de Julho |
| spellingShingle | EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC CLUSTERS, FDI AND R&D ON INNOVATION: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN EUROPEAN MONETARY UNION EXAMPLE Durmuş Çağrı Yıldırım Administración y Contabilidad MEU FDI R&D Innovation Economic Clusters EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC CLUSTERS, FDI AND R&D ON INNOVATION: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN EUROPEAN MONETARY UNION EXAMPLE Durmuş Çağrı Yıldırım Korhan Arun Administración y Contabilidad MEU FDI R&D Innovation Economic Clusters This study investigates the impact of five economic indicators -clusters, FDI, R&D, and GDP per capita- on innovation. Using a unique panel dataset obtained from eight upper/middle-income countries with similar innovation levels that are in and out of economic clusters from 2001-2014. Being in a cluster has static (countable) and dynamic (uncountable) effects. We demonstrated that from the dynamic effect variables GDP per capita, FDI, a dummy variable for being EMU member and R&D expenditure only FDI is significant. On the other hand, export numbers are correlated with innovation negatively by 1.3. The empirical support shows that the dynamic effects of clusters are not statistically significant on innovation, but static effects are. Therefore, clusters are useful for countries on trade but not innovation directly. In a nutshell, an upper middle-income country should increase trade for innovation spillover by moderation effect of being in economic unions. 2019 artículo científico 2318-9975 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=499165598005 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/4991/499165598005/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/4991/499165598005/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/4991/499165598005/499165598005.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/4991/499165598005/movil https://doi.org/10.5585/iji.v7i2.264 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=4991 International Journal of Innovation application/pdf Universidade Nove de Julho International Journal of Innovation (Brasil) Num.2 Vol.7 |
| title | EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC CLUSTERS, FDI AND R&D ON INNOVATION: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN EUROPEAN MONETARY UNION EXAMPLE |
| topic | Administración y Contabilidad MEU FDI R&D Innovation Economic Clusters |
| url | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=499165598005 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/4991/499165598005/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/4991/499165598005/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/4991/499165598005/499165598005.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/4991/499165598005/movil https://doi.org/10.5585/iji.v7i2.264 |