Temporal and spatial trends studied by lichen analysis: atmospheric deposition of trace elements in Mexico
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Langue: | en |
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Sociedad Mexicana de Física A.C.
2007
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| _version_ | 1876471394329427968 |
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| author | J. López |
| author_facet | J. López |
| contents | Temporal and spatial trends studied by lichen analysis: atmospheric deposition of trace elements in Mexico J. López J. Aspiazu P. Villaseñor L. Cervantes J. Ramírez R. Ramos R. Muñoz Física, Astronomía y Matemáticas Bio lichens monitoring PIXE analysis atmospheric contamination Ball moss on Tillandsia recurvata (Bromeliaceae), collected in an area previously identified as unpolluted, was transplanted to thirteen biomonitoringsites in the downtown and metropolitan areas of Mexico City (which cover a surface of 9,560 km2) during the periods August2002 January 2003 and July 2003 0ctubre 2003. A total of 52 lichens (weighing 300 g) were transplanted to each place. Two wereanalysed as zero or reference, El Chico National Park, a location 100 Km upwind from the city and the remaining 26 were hung in nylonnet bags in order to be able to collect two transplanted tree month, out of every season over a one-year period. The concentrations weremeasured by the quantitative PIXE method based on an external beam facility. The atmospheric deposition for trace elements was inferredby its concentration in lichen samples collected in 2002 from 13 sites in Mexico and compared with data from a similar survey in 2003. Theconcentration of Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn and other elements was determined for each sample. Maps for each element were drawnafter a geostatistical estimate of the metal concentration in the sample was made. Maps were drawn for all elements with the estimated values.Geographical distribution patterns were obtained for the different metals, reflecting the contribution of natural and antropogenic emissionsources. The deposition patterns of V, As, Se, Cd and Pb are substantially influenced by long-range transport from other parts of MexicoCity. For Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu, the deposition patterns are largely determined by contribution from point sources within Mexico and in themetropolitan area. The lichen data for Br and, in part, Se reflect an airborne supply from the environment. Contributions to trace elementconcentrations in lichen sources other than atmospheric deposition are identified and discussed. The Spatial and temporal variations in thedistribution of metal concentration are discussed. 2007 artículo científico 0035-001X https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=57066320 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/570/57066320/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/570/57066320/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/570/57066320/57066320.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/570/57066320/movil en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=570 Revista Mexicana de Física application/pdf Sociedad Mexicana de Física A.C. Revista Mexicana de Física (México) Num.3 Vol.53 |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | redalyc_57066320 |
| institution | Redalyc |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publisher | Sociedad Mexicana de Física A.C. |
| spellingShingle | Temporal and spatial trends studied by lichen analysis: atmospheric deposition of trace elements in Mexico J. López Física, Astronomía y Matemáticas Bio lichens monitoring PIXE analysis atmospheric contamination Temporal and spatial trends studied by lichen analysis: atmospheric deposition of trace elements in Mexico J. López J. Aspiazu P. Villaseñor L. Cervantes J. Ramírez R. Ramos R. Muñoz Física, Astronomía y Matemáticas Bio lichens monitoring PIXE analysis atmospheric contamination Ball moss on Tillandsia recurvata (Bromeliaceae), collected in an area previously identified as unpolluted, was transplanted to thirteen biomonitoringsites in the downtown and metropolitan areas of Mexico City (which cover a surface of 9,560 km2) during the periods August2002 January 2003 and July 2003 0ctubre 2003. A total of 52 lichens (weighing 300 g) were transplanted to each place. Two wereanalysed as zero or reference, El Chico National Park, a location 100 Km upwind from the city and the remaining 26 were hung in nylonnet bags in order to be able to collect two transplanted tree month, out of every season over a one-year period. The concentrations weremeasured by the quantitative PIXE method based on an external beam facility. The atmospheric deposition for trace elements was inferredby its concentration in lichen samples collected in 2002 from 13 sites in Mexico and compared with data from a similar survey in 2003. Theconcentration of Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn and other elements was determined for each sample. Maps for each element were drawnafter a geostatistical estimate of the metal concentration in the sample was made. Maps were drawn for all elements with the estimated values.Geographical distribution patterns were obtained for the different metals, reflecting the contribution of natural and antropogenic emissionsources. The deposition patterns of V, As, Se, Cd and Pb are substantially influenced by long-range transport from other parts of MexicoCity. For Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu, the deposition patterns are largely determined by contribution from point sources within Mexico and in themetropolitan area. The lichen data for Br and, in part, Se reflect an airborne supply from the environment. Contributions to trace elementconcentrations in lichen sources other than atmospheric deposition are identified and discussed. The Spatial and temporal variations in thedistribution of metal concentration are discussed. 2007 artículo científico 0035-001X https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=57066320 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/570/57066320/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/570/57066320/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/570/57066320/57066320.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/570/57066320/movil en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=570 Revista Mexicana de Física application/pdf Sociedad Mexicana de Física A.C. Revista Mexicana de Física (México) Num.3 Vol.53 |
| title | Temporal and spatial trends studied by lichen analysis: atmospheric deposition of trace elements in Mexico |
| topic | Física, Astronomía y Matemáticas Bio lichens monitoring PIXE analysis atmospheric contamination |
| url | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=57066320 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/570/57066320/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/570/57066320/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/570/57066320/57066320.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/570/57066320/movil |