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| Natura: | Artículo científico |
| Lingua: | en |
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Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz
2002
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| Accesso online: | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=58212503 |
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Sommario:
- El diagnóstico predictivo genético y sus implicaciones Astrid Rasmussen Elisa Alonso Medicina autonomy prevention ethical dilemma Predictive testing genetic counseling Predictive genetic testing is a procedure performed onasymptomatic individuals known to be at risk for developing ahereditary disorder. This kind of test has led to unexpected ethical,social and medical dilemmas. The major advantages of theprocedure are to put an end to uncertainty and to offer theopportunity of making informed decisions for the future, whileits disadvantages are adverse psychological responses, includingsuicidal risk, social, familial or employment discrimination and,in many cases, lack of curative or preventive strategies for thedisease. One of the most relevant issues for the success of apredictive testing program, is its adequation to the solicitors socio-cultural millieu.Predictive testing has had a major impact on hereditaryneurodegenerative diseases, familial cancer syndromes and prenataltesting. Predictive genetic testing is not to be offered tominors, except in the case of diseases at an early age of onset,for which preventive strategies are available, as is the case ofsome familial cancer syndromes.In general terms, individuals that have undergone this kindof testing consider it was a good choice, and the rate ofcatastrophic events (suicide or attempted suicide) is relativelylow: 0.97%.As an answer to these problems, multidisciplinary protocolshave been delineated underscoring the relevance of protectingthe tested individual and creating uniform guidelines to offerthe test. The prototype for this kind of protocols is the onecreated for the predictive testing of Huntingtons disease, whichis a late-onset hereditary neurodegenerative disorder. Amongthe most important strategies lies genetic counseling, bothbefore and after the test is performed, which should beconsidered as an active communication process between thepatient and his counselor. The other essential part of theprotocol is the psychological and psychiatric support the testeereceives both before and after the test.The decision of undergoing predictive testing pertains toeach individual in free and autonomous conditions, since he isthe only owner of his genome. 2002 artículo científico 0185-3325 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=58212503 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=582 Salud Mental application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz Salud Mental (México) Num.1 Vol.25