Synaptic plasticity : Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of learning and memory. Part I
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
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Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz
2001
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| _version_ | 1876471483807563776 |
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| author | Philippe Leff |
| author_facet | Philippe Leff |
| contents | Synaptic plasticity : Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of learning and memory. Part I Philippe Leff Benito Anton Mayra Medécigo Héctor Romo Rafael Gutiérrez Medicina long memory synapses learning training Plasticity of the nervous system has been related to learning andmemory processing as early as the beginning of the century; although,remotely, brain plasticity in relation to behavior has been connotedover the past two centuries. However, four decades ago, severalevidences have shown that experience and training induce neuralchanges, showing that major neuroanatomical, neurochemical aswell as molecular changes are required for the establishment of along-term memory process. Early experimental procedures showedthat differential experience, training and/or informal experiencecould produce altered quantified changes in the brain of mammals.Moreover, neuropsychologists have emphasized that differentmemories could be localized in separate cortical areas of the brain,but updated evidences assert that memory systems are specificallydistributed in exclusive neural networks in the cortex. For instance,the same cortical systems that lead us to perceive and move in ourenvironment, are used as neural substrates for memory retrieval.Such memories are the result of the repeated activity of millions ofneurons assembled into distinct neural networks, where plasticchanges in synaptic function leads to the strengthening of the samesynaptic connections with the result of reconstructed permanenttraces that lead to remembrance (Hebb Postulate). Elementary formsof learning and memory have been studied in simple neural systemsof invertebrates, and as such have led the way for understandingmuch of the electrophysiological and neurochemical eventsoccurring during LTP. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is the result ofthe increase in the strength of synaptic transmission, lasting as longas can be measured from hours to days. LTP has been detected inseveral areas of the brain, particularly, in the hippocampus, amygdala, and cortex, including several related limbic structures in the mammalian brain. LTP represents up to date the best model availablefor understanding the cellular basis of learning and memory in thecentral nervous system of mammals including humans. 2001 artículo científico 0185-3325 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=58222407 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=582 Salud Mental application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz Salud Mental (México) Num.2 Vol.24 |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | redalyc_58222407 |
| institution | Redalyc |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2001 |
| publisher | Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz |
| spellingShingle | Synaptic plasticity : Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of learning and memory. Part I Philippe Leff Medicina long memory synapses learning training Synaptic plasticity : Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of learning and memory. Part I Philippe Leff Benito Anton Mayra Medécigo Héctor Romo Rafael Gutiérrez Medicina long memory synapses learning training Plasticity of the nervous system has been related to learning andmemory processing as early as the beginning of the century; although,remotely, brain plasticity in relation to behavior has been connotedover the past two centuries. However, four decades ago, severalevidences have shown that experience and training induce neuralchanges, showing that major neuroanatomical, neurochemical aswell as molecular changes are required for the establishment of along-term memory process. Early experimental procedures showedthat differential experience, training and/or informal experiencecould produce altered quantified changes in the brain of mammals.Moreover, neuropsychologists have emphasized that differentmemories could be localized in separate cortical areas of the brain,but updated evidences assert that memory systems are specificallydistributed in exclusive neural networks in the cortex. For instance,the same cortical systems that lead us to perceive and move in ourenvironment, are used as neural substrates for memory retrieval.Such memories are the result of the repeated activity of millions ofneurons assembled into distinct neural networks, where plasticchanges in synaptic function leads to the strengthening of the samesynaptic connections with the result of reconstructed permanenttraces that lead to remembrance (Hebb Postulate). Elementary formsof learning and memory have been studied in simple neural systemsof invertebrates, and as such have led the way for understandingmuch of the electrophysiological and neurochemical eventsoccurring during LTP. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is the result ofthe increase in the strength of synaptic transmission, lasting as longas can be measured from hours to days. LTP has been detected inseveral areas of the brain, particularly, in the hippocampus, amygdala, and cortex, including several related limbic structures in the mammalian brain. LTP represents up to date the best model availablefor understanding the cellular basis of learning and memory in thecentral nervous system of mammals including humans. 2001 artículo científico 0185-3325 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=58222407 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=582 Salud Mental application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz Salud Mental (México) Num.2 Vol.24 |
| title | Synaptic plasticity : Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of learning and memory. Part I |
| topic | Medicina long memory synapses learning training |
| url | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=58222407 |