Social cost of mental disorders: Disability and work days lost. Results from the Mexican survey of psychiatric epidemiology
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Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz
2007
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| _version_ | 1876453831746781184 |
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| author | María del Carmen Lara Muñoz |
| author_facet | María del Carmen Lara Muñoz |
| contents | Social cost of mental disorders: Disability and work days lost. Results from the Mexican survey of psychiatric epidemiology María del Carmen Lara Muñoz Ma. Elena Medina Mora Guilherme Borges Joaquín Zambrano Medicina lost days disability depression Social cost mental disorders IntroductionWhen the impact of illness is evaluated by indicators likemortality, mental illness has a less significant impact than otherillnesses. As a result, the impact of mental disorders wasunderestimated until the last two decades of the previous century.This perception began to change as a result of two factors: Onthe one hand, the study of the Global Burden of Disease reportedby Murray and Lopez, and, on the other hand, the definition ofmental disorders by the American Psychiatric Association. Thecommon element shared by these two factors is the inclusion ofthe concept of disability.Disability is the deterioration of the expected functioning of asubject of a particular age and sex in a social context. It is a partof the social cost of illness.ObjectiveTo assess the disability burden associated with depression, mania,agoraphobia, social phobia, general anxiety, panic disorder, andpost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) according to the MexicanPsychiatric Survey and to compare results with the disabilityproduced by some chronic non-psychiatric conditions.MethodThis survey is based on a stratified, multistage area, probabilisticsample of adults living in urban areas of Mexico. The instrumentused was the third version of the Composite InternationalDiagnostic Interview. We report the 12-month prevalence ofpsychiatric disorders as defined by DSM-IV criteria. We alsoevaluated non-psychiatric chronic conditions like diabetes,arthritis, hypertension, backache, and other painful illnesses,identified in general as chronic conditions. Indicators ofdisability were Sheehans scale and number of work days lost. Thisis an easy and fast self reporting scale, which can be used both inthe clinic or research. The sub-scales can be added or averaged toobtain a total score. The scale of responses is a horizontal linewith numerals from 0 to 10 and five verbal descriptions, with thedescription Not at all corresponding to a value of 0; Mildrangimg from 1 to 3; Moderate from 4 to 6; Severe from 7 to9; and Very severe corresponding to 10 ResultsClose relationships and social life were the areas most deeplyaffected. The disorders found to produce the highest levels ofdisability were depression, social phobia, and PTSD. The lowestdisability levels were observed in chronic conditions. On the totalscore of Sheehans scale, disorders with the highest level ofdisability were PTSD (mean 5.35 ± 0.307) and depression (mean4.72 ± 0.167). Depression and panic attacks were the disordersby which most days were lost on average in the previous year(25.51, CI95: 16.53-34.5; 20, CI95: 3.02-36.97). Days lost were lowerin chronic conditions than in the seven mental disorders studied(6.89, CI95: 3.04-10.74).DiscussionThis is the first paper to demonstrate the impact of mentaldisorders in Latin America evaluating the association of disabilitywith common mental disorders.We h 2007 artículo científico 0185-3325 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=58230502 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=582 Salud Mental application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz Salud Mental (México) Num.5 Vol.30 |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | redalyc_58230502 |
| institution | Redalyc |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publisher | Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz |
| spellingShingle | Social cost of mental disorders: Disability and work days lost. Results from the Mexican survey of psychiatric epidemiology María del Carmen Lara Muñoz Medicina lost days disability depression Social cost mental disorders Social cost of mental disorders: Disability and work days lost. Results from the Mexican survey of psychiatric epidemiology María del Carmen Lara Muñoz Ma. Elena Medina Mora Guilherme Borges Joaquín Zambrano Medicina lost days disability depression Social cost mental disorders IntroductionWhen the impact of illness is evaluated by indicators likemortality, mental illness has a less significant impact than otherillnesses. As a result, the impact of mental disorders wasunderestimated until the last two decades of the previous century.This perception began to change as a result of two factors: Onthe one hand, the study of the Global Burden of Disease reportedby Murray and Lopez, and, on the other hand, the definition ofmental disorders by the American Psychiatric Association. Thecommon element shared by these two factors is the inclusion ofthe concept of disability.Disability is the deterioration of the expected functioning of asubject of a particular age and sex in a social context. It is a partof the social cost of illness.ObjectiveTo assess the disability burden associated with depression, mania,agoraphobia, social phobia, general anxiety, panic disorder, andpost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) according to the MexicanPsychiatric Survey and to compare results with the disabilityproduced by some chronic non-psychiatric conditions.MethodThis survey is based on a stratified, multistage area, probabilisticsample of adults living in urban areas of Mexico. The instrumentused was the third version of the Composite InternationalDiagnostic Interview. We report the 12-month prevalence ofpsychiatric disorders as defined by DSM-IV criteria. We alsoevaluated non-psychiatric chronic conditions like diabetes,arthritis, hypertension, backache, and other painful illnesses,identified in general as chronic conditions. Indicators ofdisability were Sheehans scale and number of work days lost. Thisis an easy and fast self reporting scale, which can be used both inthe clinic or research. The sub-scales can be added or averaged toobtain a total score. The scale of responses is a horizontal linewith numerals from 0 to 10 and five verbal descriptions, with thedescription Not at all corresponding to a value of 0; Mildrangimg from 1 to 3; Moderate from 4 to 6; Severe from 7 to9; and Very severe corresponding to 10 ResultsClose relationships and social life were the areas most deeplyaffected. The disorders found to produce the highest levels ofdisability were depression, social phobia, and PTSD. The lowestdisability levels were observed in chronic conditions. On the totalscore of Sheehans scale, disorders with the highest level ofdisability were PTSD (mean 5.35 ± 0.307) and depression (mean4.72 ± 0.167). Depression and panic attacks were the disordersby which most days were lost on average in the previous year(25.51, CI95: 16.53-34.5; 20, CI95: 3.02-36.97). Days lost were lowerin chronic conditions than in the seven mental disorders studied(6.89, CI95: 3.04-10.74).DiscussionThis is the first paper to demonstrate the impact of mentaldisorders in Latin America evaluating the association of disabilitywith common mental disorders.We h 2007 artículo científico 0185-3325 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=58230502 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=582 Salud Mental application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz Salud Mental (México) Num.5 Vol.30 |
| title | Social cost of mental disorders: Disability and work days lost. Results from the Mexican survey of psychiatric epidemiology |
| topic | Medicina lost days disability depression Social cost mental disorders |
| url | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=58230502 |