Postpartum depression in adolescent mothers before and during COVID-19 and the role of self-esteem, maternal self-efficacy, and social support

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Main Author:	Pamela Patiño
Format:	Artículo científico
Language:	en
Published:	Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz 2024
Subjects:	Medicina 19 self COVID esteem efficacy
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author	Pamela Patiño
author_facet	Pamela Patiño
contents	Postpartum depression in adolescent mothers before and during COVID-19 and the role of self-esteem, maternal self-efficacy, and social support Pamela Patiño María Asunción Lara Corina Benjet Asunción Alvarez-del Río Feliciano Bartolo Solís Medicina 19 self COVID esteem efficacy Introduction. Although the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the mental health of vulnerable populations, such as adolescent mothers, very few studies have documented the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) in this population. Objective. a) Determine the frequency of PPD (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale EPDS ≥ 9) in adolescent mothers before (AM-BP) and during (AM-DP) the pandemic, b) Examine psychosocial factors (self-esteem, maternal efficacy, social support, depression and anxiety in pregnancy, planned and wanted pregnancy) in AM-BP and AM-DP, and c) Determine whether being an AM-DP was a significant factor for experiencing PPD (EPDS ≥ 9). Method. Cross sectional study. Subjects: Forty-one AM-BP recruited at Health Centers and interviewed face to face and forty-one AM-DP surveyed online.Results PPD (EPDS ≥ 9) was 42% (p = .001) more frequent in AM-DP. The groups differed significantly in all psychosocial factors, with AM-DP faring worse. Unadjusted regressions showed that being an AM-DP, having lower maternal efficacy and self-esteem, greater dissatisfaction with social support, and depression and/or anxiety in pregnancy increased PPD (EPDS ≥ 9). Adjusted multiple analysis indicated that lower self-esteem was the only factor to maintain its association with PPD (EPDS ≥ 9; p = .017). Discussion and conclusion. The pandemic negatively affected PPD (EPDS ≥ 9) and psychosocial factors in AM-DP, as compared to AM-BP, with self-esteem being the main factor associated with PPD (EPDS ≥ 9). In situations of extreme stress as happened in the pandemic, the mental health of adolescent mothers should be prioritized to prevent negative effects such as PPD. PPD preventive and treatment interventions should consider strengthening self-esteem. 2024 artículo científico 0185-3325 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=58277326005 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/582/58277326005/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/582/58277326005/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/582/58277326005/58277326005.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/582/58277326005/movil https://doi.org/10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2024.004 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=582 Salud Mental application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz Salud Mental (México) Num.1 Vol.47
format	Artículo científico
id	redalyc_58277326005
institution	Redalyc
language	en
publishDate	2024
publisher	Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz
spellingShingle	Postpartum depression in adolescent mothers before and during COVID-19 and the role of self-esteem, maternal self-efficacy, and social support Pamela Patiño Medicina 19 self COVID esteem efficacy Postpartum depression in adolescent mothers before and during COVID-19 and the role of self-esteem, maternal self-efficacy, and social support Pamela Patiño María Asunción Lara Corina Benjet Asunción Alvarez-del Río Feliciano Bartolo Solís Medicina 19 self COVID esteem efficacy Introduction. Although the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the mental health of vulnerable populations, such as adolescent mothers, very few studies have documented the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) in this population. Objective. a) Determine the frequency of PPD (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale EPDS ≥ 9) in adolescent mothers before (AM-BP) and during (AM-DP) the pandemic, b) Examine psychosocial factors (self-esteem, maternal efficacy, social support, depression and anxiety in pregnancy, planned and wanted pregnancy) in AM-BP and AM-DP, and c) Determine whether being an AM-DP was a significant factor for experiencing PPD (EPDS ≥ 9). Method. Cross sectional study. Subjects: Forty-one AM-BP recruited at Health Centers and interviewed face to face and forty-one AM-DP surveyed online.Results PPD (EPDS ≥ 9) was 42% (p = .001) more frequent in AM-DP. The groups differed significantly in all psychosocial factors, with AM-DP faring worse. Unadjusted regressions showed that being an AM-DP, having lower maternal efficacy and self-esteem, greater dissatisfaction with social support, and depression and/or anxiety in pregnancy increased PPD (EPDS ≥ 9). Adjusted multiple analysis indicated that lower self-esteem was the only factor to maintain its association with PPD (EPDS ≥ 9; p = .017). Discussion and conclusion. The pandemic negatively affected PPD (EPDS ≥ 9) and psychosocial factors in AM-DP, as compared to AM-BP, with self-esteem being the main factor associated with PPD (EPDS ≥ 9). In situations of extreme stress as happened in the pandemic, the mental health of adolescent mothers should be prioritized to prevent negative effects such as PPD. PPD preventive and treatment interventions should consider strengthening self-esteem. 2024 artículo científico 0185-3325 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=58277326005 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/582/58277326005/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/582/58277326005/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/582/58277326005/58277326005.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/582/58277326005/movil https://doi.org/10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2024.004 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=582 Salud Mental application/pdf Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz Salud Mental (México) Num.1 Vol.47
title	Postpartum depression in adolescent mothers before and during COVID-19 and the role of self-esteem, maternal self-efficacy, and social support
topic	Medicina 19 self COVID esteem efficacy
url	https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=58277326005 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/582/58277326005/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/582/58277326005/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/582/58277326005/58277326005.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/582/58277326005/movil https://doi.org/10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2024.004