Transitions from rich-to-lean schedules increase attack in a laboratory model of social aggression in pigeons: II. Fixed-interval schedules

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Main Author:	Raymond C. Pitts
Format:	Artículo científico
Language:	en
Published:	Sociedad Mexicana de Análisis de la Conducta 2019
Subjects:	Psicología to rich pigeons Schedule FI schedules
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author	Raymond C. Pitts
author_facet	Raymond C. Pitts
contents	Transitions from rich-to-lean schedules increase attack in a laboratory model of social aggression in pigeons: II. Fixed-interval schedules Raymond C. Pitts Christine E. Hughes Dean C. Williams Psicología to rich pigeons Schedule FI schedules Pigeons key pecked under two-component multiple fixed-interval (FI) schedules. Each component provided a different reinforcer magnitude (small or large), signaled by the color of the key light. Attacks toward a live, protected target pigeon were measured. Large- (rich) and small- (lean) reinforcer components alternated irregularly such that four different interval types (transitions) between the size of the immediately preceding reinforcer and the size of the upcoming reinforcer occurred within each session: lean-to-lean, lean-to-rich, rich-to-lean, and rich-torich transitions. The FI for each component was the same within each phase, but was manipulated across phases. For all pigeons, more attack occurred following the presentations of the larger reinforcer (i.e., during rich-to-lean and rich-to-rich transitions). For 2 of the 3 pigeons, this effect was modulated by the size of the upcoming reinforcer; attack following larger reinforcers was elevated when the upcoming reinforcer was small (i.e., during rich-to-lean transitions). This rich-to-lean effect on attack diminished or disappeared as the length of the FI schedule was increased (i.e., control over attack by the upcoming reinforcer size diminished with increases in the inter-reinforcement interval). For all pigeons and at all FIs, however, postreinforcement pauses were longest during the rich-to-lean transitions. These data (1) are consistent with the notion that postreinforcement periods during intermittent schedules function aversively and, thus, can precipitate aggressive behavior, and (2) suggest that rich-to-lean conditions may be especially aversive. They also indicate, however, that aversive effects of rich-to-lean transitions may differ across fixed-ratio (FR) and FI schedules, and that variables controlling attacking and pausing may not be isomorphic between these different schedule types. 2019 artículo científico 0185-4534 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=59367995021 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/593/59367995021/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/593/59367995021/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/593/59367995021/59367995021.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/593/59367995021/movil https://doi.org/10.5514/rmac.v45.i2.75582 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=593 Revista Mexicana de Análisis de la Conducta application/pdf Sociedad Mexicana de Análisis de la Conducta Revista Mexicana de Análisis de la Conducta (México) Num.2 Vol.45
format	Artículo científico
id	redalyc_59367995021
institution	Redalyc
language	en
publishDate	2019
publisher	Sociedad Mexicana de Análisis de la Conducta
spellingShingle	Transitions from rich-to-lean schedules increase attack in a laboratory model of social aggression in pigeons: II. Fixed-interval schedules Raymond C. Pitts Psicología to rich pigeons Schedule FI schedules Transitions from rich-to-lean schedules increase attack in a laboratory model of social aggression in pigeons: II. Fixed-interval schedules Raymond C. Pitts Christine E. Hughes Dean C. Williams Psicología to rich pigeons Schedule FI schedules Pigeons key pecked under two-component multiple fixed-interval (FI) schedules. Each component provided a different reinforcer magnitude (small or large), signaled by the color of the key light. Attacks toward a live, protected target pigeon were measured. Large- (rich) and small- (lean) reinforcer components alternated irregularly such that four different interval types (transitions) between the size of the immediately preceding reinforcer and the size of the upcoming reinforcer occurred within each session: lean-to-lean, lean-to-rich, rich-to-lean, and rich-torich transitions. The FI for each component was the same within each phase, but was manipulated across phases. For all pigeons, more attack occurred following the presentations of the larger reinforcer (i.e., during rich-to-lean and rich-to-rich transitions). For 2 of the 3 pigeons, this effect was modulated by the size of the upcoming reinforcer; attack following larger reinforcers was elevated when the upcoming reinforcer was small (i.e., during rich-to-lean transitions). This rich-to-lean effect on attack diminished or disappeared as the length of the FI schedule was increased (i.e., control over attack by the upcoming reinforcer size diminished with increases in the inter-reinforcement interval). For all pigeons and at all FIs, however, postreinforcement pauses were longest during the rich-to-lean transitions. These data (1) are consistent with the notion that postreinforcement periods during intermittent schedules function aversively and, thus, can precipitate aggressive behavior, and (2) suggest that rich-to-lean conditions may be especially aversive. They also indicate, however, that aversive effects of rich-to-lean transitions may differ across fixed-ratio (FR) and FI schedules, and that variables controlling attacking and pausing may not be isomorphic between these different schedule types. 2019 artículo científico 0185-4534 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=59367995021 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/593/59367995021/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/593/59367995021/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/593/59367995021/59367995021.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/593/59367995021/movil https://doi.org/10.5514/rmac.v45.i2.75582 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=593 Revista Mexicana de Análisis de la Conducta application/pdf Sociedad Mexicana de Análisis de la Conducta Revista Mexicana de Análisis de la Conducta (México) Num.2 Vol.45
title	Transitions from rich-to-lean schedules increase attack in a laboratory model of social aggression in pigeons: II. Fixed-interval schedules
topic	Psicología to rich pigeons Schedule FI schedules
url	https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=59367995021 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/593/59367995021/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/593/59367995021/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/593/59367995021/59367995021.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/593/59367995021/movil https://doi.org/10.5514/rmac.v45.i2.75582