THE REORIENTATION OF VENEZUELAN FOREIGN POLICY DURING THE PUNTO FIJO ERA: A FOCUS ON SOUTH AMERICAN INTEGRATION
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| Format: | Artículo científico |
| Language: | en |
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Universidad Externado de Colombia
2025
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| author | TIAGO SOARES NOGARA |
| author_facet | TIAGO SOARES NOGARA |
| contents | THE REORIENTATION OF VENEZUELAN FOREIGN POLICY DURING THE PUNTO FIJO ERA: A FOCUS ON SOUTH AMERICAN INTEGRATION TIAGO SOARES NOGARA Política Mercosur Venezuela Punto Fijo Pact Venezuelan foreign policy Latin American regionalism This article examines the transformation of Venezuelan foreign policy during the "Punto Fijo" era (1958-1998), focusing on the shift towards closer ties with South American nations. Traditionally, Venezuela's regional focus centered on the Andean and Caribbean regions. However, the 1990s witnessed a gradual strategic reorientation, expanding Venezuela's ties towards Brazil and Mercosur. This paper explores the key factors that drove this change. The analysis is structured around four pillars: (1) a theoretical framework for studying Latin American regionalism and foreign policy, (2) an investigation of the Punto Fijo political regime and its initial diplomatic priorities, (3) the impact of the late 1980s economic crisis on government policies, and (4) the subsequent re-articulation of Venezuelan foreign policy towards South American regional institutions, particularly with Brazil and Mercosur. This study bridges the gap in scholarship by highlighting the genesis of Venezuela’s "turn to the South" prior to Hugo Chávez's presidency. 2025 artículo científico 1657-8651 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=67582020007 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/675/67582020007/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/675/67582020007/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/675/67582020007/67582020007.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/675/67582020007/movil 10.18601/16578651.N36.07 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=675 Revista Opera application/pdf Universidad Externado de Colombia Revista Opera (Colombia) Num.36 |
| format | Artículo científico |
| id | redalyc_67582020007 |
| institution | Redalyc |
| language | en |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Universidad Externado de Colombia |
| spellingShingle | THE REORIENTATION OF VENEZUELAN FOREIGN POLICY DURING THE PUNTO FIJO ERA: A FOCUS ON SOUTH AMERICAN INTEGRATION TIAGO SOARES NOGARA Política Mercosur Venezuela Punto Fijo Pact Venezuelan foreign policy Latin American regionalism THE REORIENTATION OF VENEZUELAN FOREIGN POLICY DURING THE PUNTO FIJO ERA: A FOCUS ON SOUTH AMERICAN INTEGRATION TIAGO SOARES NOGARA Política Mercosur Venezuela Punto Fijo Pact Venezuelan foreign policy Latin American regionalism This article examines the transformation of Venezuelan foreign policy during the "Punto Fijo" era (1958-1998), focusing on the shift towards closer ties with South American nations. Traditionally, Venezuela's regional focus centered on the Andean and Caribbean regions. However, the 1990s witnessed a gradual strategic reorientation, expanding Venezuela's ties towards Brazil and Mercosur. This paper explores the key factors that drove this change. The analysis is structured around four pillars: (1) a theoretical framework for studying Latin American regionalism and foreign policy, (2) an investigation of the Punto Fijo political regime and its initial diplomatic priorities, (3) the impact of the late 1980s economic crisis on government policies, and (4) the subsequent re-articulation of Venezuelan foreign policy towards South American regional institutions, particularly with Brazil and Mercosur. This study bridges the gap in scholarship by highlighting the genesis of Venezuela’s "turn to the South" prior to Hugo Chávez's presidency. 2025 artículo científico 1657-8651 https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=67582020007 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/675/67582020007/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/675/67582020007/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/675/67582020007/67582020007.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/675/67582020007/movil 10.18601/16578651.N36.07 en http://www.redalyc.org/revista.oa?id=675 Revista Opera application/pdf Universidad Externado de Colombia Revista Opera (Colombia) Num.36 |
| title | THE REORIENTATION OF VENEZUELAN FOREIGN POLICY DURING THE PUNTO FIJO ERA: A FOCUS ON SOUTH AMERICAN INTEGRATION |
| topic | Política Mercosur Venezuela Punto Fijo Pact Venezuelan foreign policy Latin American regionalism |
| url | https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=67582020007 https://www.redalyc.org/journal/675/67582020007/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/675/67582020007/html/ https://www.redalyc.org/journal/675/67582020007/67582020007.epub https://www.redalyc.org/journal/675/67582020007/movil |