La tecnología como perpetuadora de la desigualdad entre países

Fuente: Universidad Tecnológica de la Mixteca

El presente texto, es un ensayo argumentativo que tiene como objetivo analizar las características de la tecnología como un bien, haciendo énfasis en la excluibilidad. Existe un extenso debate acerca de que la tecnología puede ser un bien público o no. En este texto se abordan las dos posturas con e...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Rivera Esparza, Silvia Alejandra
Format:	article
Language:	Spanish
Published:	Universidad Tecnológica de la Mixteca 2020
Subjects:	avance tecnológico, convergencia, excluibilidad, brecha tecnológica, desigualdad. 5 CIENCIAS SOCIALES
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
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Description
Summary:	El presente texto, es un ensayo argumentativo que tiene como objetivo analizar las características de la tecnología como un bien, haciendo énfasis en la excluibilidad. Existe un extenso debate acerca de que la tecnología puede ser un bien público o no. En este texto se abordan las dos posturas con el objetivo de encontrar cuál de ellas tiene relación con el fenómeno de la desigualdad económica entre países ricos y países pobres. Como método para realizar el análisis de esta investigación se hace una revisión de teorías desde la microeconomía hasta la teoría del crecimiento económico, que nos conducen a concluir que las características que tiene la tecnología como un bien, pueden perpetuar la desigualdad en el crecimiento de los países, debido a que existe un impedimento en el libre flujo del conocimiento, que hace que no exista ni difusión, ni adopción de tecnología haciendo que el cierre de la brecha tecnológica sea casi imposible para los países más pobres.

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

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