Biomolecular Condensates at the Crossroads of HIV Infection and Immune Evasion
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| Format: | Artículo Open Access |
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Wiley
2026
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| _version_ | 1867010945033699328 |
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| author | Selen Ay Antonio Marino Cerrato Francesca Di Nunzio |
| author_facet | Selen Ay Antonio Marino Cerrato Francesca Di Nunzio Selen Ay Antonio Marino Cerrato Francesca Di Nunzio |
| collection | Wiley Open Access |
| contents | Biomolecular Condensates at the Crossroads of HIV Infection and Immune Evasion Selen Ay Antonio Marino Cerrato Francesca Di Nunzio BioEssays ABSTRACT Nuclear entry of HIV‐1 viral cores triggers the formation of phase‐separated membraneless organelles called HIV‐1‐MLOs. Numerous unknowns remain regarding the persistence, in vivo formation, and function of these recently discovered condensates. New evidence shows that HIV‐1‐MLOs can persist stably for several weeks in infected cells and that their presence precedes the viral genome expression. These new results are accompanied by the first in vivo observation of HIV‐1‐MLOs, which have only been described in vitro until now. Additional evidence demonstrates that HIV‐1‐MLOs are the main hub of nuclear reverse transcription for a wild‐type virus and shield viral genomes from innate immunity. Intriguingly, empty viral cores—likely remnants following the completion of reverse transcription—have been observed, challenging the classical view of uncoating as the complete disassembly of the viral core shell. 10.1002/bies.70152 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/bies.70152 |
| format | Artículo Open Access |
| id | wiley_oa_10_1002_bies_70152 |
| institution | Wiley Open Access |
| license_str_mv | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | wiley_oa |
| spellingShingle | Biomolecular Condensates at the Crossroads of HIV Infection and Immune Evasion Selen Ay Antonio Marino Cerrato Francesca Di Nunzio BioEssays Biomolecular Condensates at the Crossroads of HIV Infection and Immune Evasion Selen Ay Antonio Marino Cerrato Francesca Di Nunzio BioEssays ABSTRACT Nuclear entry of HIV‐1 viral cores triggers the formation of phase‐separated membraneless organelles called HIV‐1‐MLOs. Numerous unknowns remain regarding the persistence, in vivo formation, and function of these recently discovered condensates. New evidence shows that HIV‐1‐MLOs can persist stably for several weeks in infected cells and that their presence precedes the viral genome expression. These new results are accompanied by the first in vivo observation of HIV‐1‐MLOs, which have only been described in vitro until now. Additional evidence demonstrates that HIV‐1‐MLOs are the main hub of nuclear reverse transcription for a wild‐type virus and shield viral genomes from innate immunity. Intriguingly, empty viral cores—likely remnants following the completion of reverse transcription—have been observed, challenging the classical view of uncoating as the complete disassembly of the viral core shell. 10.1002/bies.70152 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| title | Biomolecular Condensates at the Crossroads of HIV Infection and Immune Evasion |
| topic | BioEssays |
| url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bies.70152 |