The influence of anterior cingulate GABA+ and glutamate on emotion regulation and reactivity in adolescents and adults
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Wiley
2024
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| author | Ebba Widegren Matilda A. Frick Johanna Motilla Hoppe Jan Weis Stefan Möller David Fällmar Johanna Mårtensson Karin Brocki Malin Gingnell Andreas Frick |
| author_facet | Ebba Widegren Matilda A. Frick Johanna Motilla Hoppe Jan Weis Stefan Möller David Fällmar Johanna Mårtensson Karin Brocki Malin Gingnell Andreas Frick Ebba Widegren Matilda A. Frick Johanna Motilla Hoppe Jan Weis Stefan Möller David Fällmar Johanna Mårtensson Karin Brocki Malin Gingnell Andreas Frick |
| collection | Wiley Open Access |
| contents | The influence of anterior cingulate GABA+ and glutamate on emotion regulation and reactivity in adolescents and adults Ebba Widegren Matilda A. Frick Johanna Motilla Hoppe Jan Weis Stefan Möller David Fällmar Johanna Mårtensson Karin Brocki Malin Gingnell Andreas Frick Developmental Psychobiology AbstractDuring adolescence, emotion regulation and reactivity are still developing and are in many ways qualitatively different from adulthood. However, the neurobiological processes underpinning these differences remain poorly understood, including the role of maturing neurotransmitter systems. We combined magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and self‐reported emotion regulation and reactivity in a sample of typically developed adolescents (n = 37; 13–16 years) and adults (n = 39; 30–40 years), and found that adolescents had higher levels of glutamate to total creatine (tCr) ratio in the dACC than adults. A glutamate Í age group interaction indicated a differential relation between dACC glutamate levels and emotion regulation in adolescents and adults, and within‐group follow‐up analyses showed that higher levels of glutamate/tCr were related to worse emotion regulation skills in adolescents. We found no age‐group differences in gamma‐aminobutyric acid+macromolecules (GABA+) levels; however, emotion reactivity was positively related to GABA+/tCr in the adult group, but not in the adolescent group. The results demonstrate that there are developmental changes in the concentration of glutamate, but not GABA+, within the dACC from adolescence to adulthood, in accordance with previous findings indicating earlier maturation of the GABA‐ergic than the glutamatergic system. Functionally, glutamate and GABA+ are positively related to emotion regulation and reactivity, respectively, in the mature brain. In the adolescent brain, however, glutamate is negatively related to emotion regulation, and GABA+ is not related to emotion reactivity. The findings are consistent with synaptic pruning of glutamatergic synapses from adolescence to adulthood and highlight the importance of brain maturational processes underlying age‐related differences in emotion processing. 10.1002/dev.22492 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/dev.22492 |
| format | Artículo Open Access |
| id | wiley_oa_10_1002_dev_22492 |
| institution | Wiley Open Access |
| license_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | wiley_oa |
| spellingShingle | The influence of anterior cingulate GABA+ and glutamate on emotion regulation and reactivity in adolescents and adults Ebba Widegren Matilda A. Frick Johanna Motilla Hoppe Jan Weis Stefan Möller David Fällmar Johanna Mårtensson Karin Brocki Malin Gingnell Andreas Frick Developmental Psychobiology The influence of anterior cingulate GABA+ and glutamate on emotion regulation and reactivity in adolescents and adults Ebba Widegren Matilda A. Frick Johanna Motilla Hoppe Jan Weis Stefan Möller David Fällmar Johanna Mårtensson Karin Brocki Malin Gingnell Andreas Frick Developmental Psychobiology AbstractDuring adolescence, emotion regulation and reactivity are still developing and are in many ways qualitatively different from adulthood. However, the neurobiological processes underpinning these differences remain poorly understood, including the role of maturing neurotransmitter systems. We combined magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and self‐reported emotion regulation and reactivity in a sample of typically developed adolescents (n = 37; 13–16 years) and adults (n = 39; 30–40 years), and found that adolescents had higher levels of glutamate to total creatine (tCr) ratio in the dACC than adults. A glutamate Í age group interaction indicated a differential relation between dACC glutamate levels and emotion regulation in adolescents and adults, and within‐group follow‐up analyses showed that higher levels of glutamate/tCr were related to worse emotion regulation skills in adolescents. We found no age‐group differences in gamma‐aminobutyric acid+macromolecules (GABA+) levels; however, emotion reactivity was positively related to GABA+/tCr in the adult group, but not in the adolescent group. The results demonstrate that there are developmental changes in the concentration of glutamate, but not GABA+, within the dACC from adolescence to adulthood, in accordance with previous findings indicating earlier maturation of the GABA‐ergic than the glutamatergic system. Functionally, glutamate and GABA+ are positively related to emotion regulation and reactivity, respectively, in the mature brain. In the adolescent brain, however, glutamate is negatively related to emotion regulation, and GABA+ is not related to emotion reactivity. The findings are consistent with synaptic pruning of glutamatergic synapses from adolescence to adulthood and highlight the importance of brain maturational processes underlying age‐related differences in emotion processing. 10.1002/dev.22492 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| title | The influence of anterior cingulate GABA+ and glutamate on emotion regulation and reactivity in adolescents and adults |
| topic | Developmental Psychobiology |
| url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dev.22492 |