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Main Authors:	Madison Politte‐Corn, Rebecca J. Brooker, H. Hill Goldsmith, Kristin A. Buss
Format:	Artículo Open Access
Published:	Wiley 2025
Subjects:	Developmental Psychobiology
Online Access:	https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dev.70056
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Emotional Reactivity and Internalizing Symptoms in Middle Childhood: Integrating Autonomic and Behavioral Markers of Social Fear and Positive Affect Madison Politte‐Corn Rebecca J. Brooker H. Hill Goldsmith Kristin A. Buss Developmental Psychobiology ABSTRACT Emotional reactivity is a well‐validated corollary of children's risk for internalizing psychopathology and can be indexed by autonomic and behavioral measures. Yet, it is unclear whether and how autonomic and behavioral markers of emotional reactivity interact to characterize internalizing symptoms and whether these associations differ based on emotional context. As such, the current study aimed to (1) clarify associations between autonomic (RSA, PEP) and behavioral measures of emotional reactivity across two tasks designed to elicit fear and positive affect in social contexts and (2) examine the unique and combined associations between autonomic and behavioral reactivity during these tasks and internalizing symptoms. Participants were 328 children aged 6–10 ( M = 7.91, SD = 0.97; 50% female; 94% White). Behavioral displays of positive affect during a parent task were associated with RSA withdrawal, but there were no significant associations between autonomic reactivity and behavioral displays of stranger fear. RSA augmentation during the parent task was associated with lower internalizing symptoms at average or high levels of positive affect. Finally, higher stranger fear was associated with higher internalizing symptoms only when coupled with reciprocal parasympathetic activation. These findings suggest context‐specific patterns of autonomic activation that are differentially associated with internalizing symptoms. 10.1002/dev.70056 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

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